ecosystems: treats and solutions

Question 1

what did become become aware in the 1980s

Answer 1

• drying out of the continet
• arise of plastics
• increased CO2 levels

Question 2

what does the flora and fauna act do

Answer 2

aims to protect native plant and animal species to ensure their survival and preserve their biodiversity
- protect biodiversity

Question 3

what was the outcome of the rio summit

Answer 3

development of the convention on biological diversity, signed by 173 countries
requires counties to pass laws on biodiversity to protect plants and animals

Question 4

what are ecosystems services

Answer 4

-the benefits that humans derive from ecosystems, such as food, clean water and clean air

Question 5

has nature’s contributions to humans changes, give one example

Answer 5

yes, there has been a decline natures services seen in pollinators

Question 6

what is the formular for calculating the number of threatened species

Answer 6

percentage threatened x number of species= number of threatened species

Question 7

what causes species to go extinct

Answer 7

• 75% of the land is significantly altered
  -85% of wetland areas have been last
  -50% of the live coral has been lost

Question 8

what is the anthropocence

Answer 8

a new geological echop in which human activity is the dominate influence on the earth

Question 9

what are some signals of the anthropocence

Answer 9

-increase N and P in soil
- increased CH4 and CO2 levels
- dramatic extinction rates
-converson of forest land into human land uses

Question 10

what are the 9 process and bountries

Answer 10

-climate change
- biosphere integrity
-ocearn acidifaction
-fresh water use
-lang system change
-biogeochemical flows
- stratispheric ozone
novel entities
atm aerosol pullution

Question 11

what are the 2 biology ones in the processes and bountries

Answer 11

-biosphere intregity- measured in entinction rate
-land system change- measured in percentage of forest

Question 12

impacts of carbon emissions

Answer 12

• increased warming
  -acidification
  sea level rise
• more frequent wildfire

Question 13

is australia a mega diverse nation

Answer 13

yes!!!!!

Question 14

what does australias biodiversity mean to culture

Answer 14

it is involved in australia’s cultural identity

Question 15

(AUS) how many species have been lost since european settlement

Answer 15

110 species have gone extinct

Question 16

what have happened to the adundence of species since 1985

Answer 16

dramatically declined

Question 17

what drives species to go extinct

Answer 17

1. habitat clearance
   2.invasive species
2. over exploration
3. co extinction- loss of one leads to the loss of another
4. climate change
5. disease

Question 18

how many animals to cats kill a year

Answer 18

1.7 billion native species

Question 19

what is an ecosystem

Answer 19

interactions between living and non living components

Question 20

how many animals are listed as high risk

Answer 20

1800

Question 21

how many extinctions are there in the world

Answer 21

over 1 million

Question 22

what are some examples of transformative change

Answer 22

-raising money for biodiversity pledge

Question 23

do we need money to save australias threated species

Answer 23

yes, over a billion dollars

Question 24

h

Question 25

how much of australia’s land is used for agriculture

Answer 25

60%

Question 26

what are the 5 roles to recover ecosystems

Answer 26

• private protected areas
  -nature friendly agriculture
• indigenous lang management
  -community action
• science and innovation

Question 27

what is is example of private protected areas

Answer 27

predator proof fences

Question 28

what is an example of indigenous land management

Answer 28

burning the grass to allow for new seedlings to be produced in the next season

Question 29

example of community action

Answer 29

• protests, news articles, planting more trres

Question 30

what is adaptation

Answer 30

a variety actions

Question 31

what is mitigation

Answer 31

changes in social behaviour that try to limit or remove green house gases to reduce the effects of climate change

Question 32

give one example of mitigation

Answer 32

using electric cars

Question 33

what is adaptation

Answer 33

adjusting to the changes of climate change to compensate or adapt to the adverse effects of climate change

Question 34

what is one example of adaptation

Answer 34

flood protection

Question 35

what are nature-based solutions

Answer 35

actions to protect the sustainability, manage and restore the natural and modified ecosystems that address societal challenges like climate change

Question 36

what does mangrove restoration do(ocean)

Answer 36

-protects coastal settlements and ecosystems
-oxygenates the water

Question 37

reforestation can

Answer 37

-reduce the impacts of climate change
-enhance biodiversity
- provides a new supply that does not take out trees in animal habitats

Question 38

why are nature based solutions good (example)

Answer 38

• they trap water and slow it down before it enters the storm water system

Question 39

who benefits of nature-based solutions

Answer 39

people and nature

Question 40

why is spending time in nature better

Answer 40

• live longer
• improves metal health
• reduce stress

Question 41

how can you improve peoples relationship with nature

Answer 41

-connect people with nature in cities so they are willing to protect and preserve nature