Economy Flashcards
economy
a system of acquisition, distribution, and consumption of resources
economy is studied by…
…economics and economic anthropology
economics
tends to focus on economies of industrial societies
economic anthropology
tends to focus on economics of non-industrial societies
foraging
they get their food directly from nature, wild plants and wild animals, gathering and hunting/fishing
contemporary foragers
live in nation-states, have contact with food producers
foragers are typically…
…nomadic, they move around in search of food
foragers tools
generally simple but well adapted to the tasks they serve
in foraging groups…
…everyone works but division pf labor along gender lines, usually women gather plants and men hunt
indigenous people of northwest coast
they lived in permanent settlements (villages), food came exclusively from fishing/gathering/hunting
horticulture
cultivation domesticated plants in small fields/gardens (small-scale)
cultivation
non-intensive use of means of production (land, labor, and tools), fields not permenantly cultivated, a field is cultivated for 1-2 yrs and then fallow because nutrients in soil are depleted, then another piece of land starts being cultivated
slash and burn
clearing a small part of the forest by cutting and burning trees and other vegetation, ash serves as a fertilizer
horticulturists typically live in…
…small villages
agriculture
cultivation of domesticated plants that is more extensive and intensive than horticulture, cultivation of more land, more intensive use of land, more intensive use of labor, and use of domesticated animals and tools