Economic system in Africa 7.1

Question 1

Capitalism

Answer 1

An economic system in which the means of production such as land, capital (money) and industries are owned privately (by the ordinary people) and not by the government

Question 2

Socialism

Answer 2

An economic system in which the means of production such as land, capital, and industries are owned by the state and not by the people

Question 3

Mixed economy

Answer 3

An economic system in which both the state and individuals can own industries or land; contains both elements of capitalism and socialism

Question 4

Harambee concept of economic development in Kenya

Answer 4

-A capitalist economic policy
-A call to dedication, hard work and unity among the Kenyan people
-Used by the president of Kenya

Question 5

Achievements of Harambee

Answer 5

1: Blacks were resettled on land previously owned by whites
2:Urban cities grew rapidly
3:Foregin investments

Question 6

Failures of Harambee

Answer 6

1:The gap between rich and poor widened
2:Hospitals and schools stopped function as Kenya lacked funds to pay staffs
3:Local politicians became involved in running the projects but only for their own use

Question 7

Ujamaa concept of socialistic economic development in Tanzania

Answer 7

-Socialistic economic policy introduced by Julius Nyerere
-Ujamaa meant family hood and togetherness
-President Nyerere joined small and isolated villages into larger and more effective villages, called Ujamaa villages
-Aim was to achieve the agricultural independence in Tanzania

Question 8

Achievements of Ujamaa

Answer 8

1:Education expanded and literacy rate increased to 91%
2:Small farms joined together into larger farms
3:Farmers worked together and shared everything

Question 9

Failures of Ujamaa

Answer 9

1:The production at commercial farming declined and farmers relied on government for financial support
2:The state was forced to borrow money from the IMF and World Bank to help the country to recover
3:Self-relianxe failed as there was no external support from the state to keep the production going

Question 10

Distinguish between Socialism in General and African socialism in particular

Answer 10

S.G- The state owns and controls the means of production
A.S- Was seen as a fundamental and pre-existing condition of traditional African societies

S.G- The government decides wht should be produced
A.S- Focused on agriculture and farmers and decide what to produce

S.G- Was seen as a reaction against Capitalism
A.S- Was seen as a reaction against colonial systems

Question 11

Humanism as a concept of economic development in Zambia

Answer 11

-An economic policy started by President Kaunda of Zambia.
-A mixture of capitalism, socialism and traditional African values.
-Through this Kaunda emphasized the importance of human that they should be at the center of production
-Both private and public sectors worked together as partners

Question 12

Characteristics of Zambian humanism

Answer 12

-Encouraged freedom and dignity of all persons in Zambia
- encouraged fairness, non-exploitation and support of self-reliance
-Individuals were important

Question 13

Achievements of Zambian Humanism

Answer 13

1:Number of owned business increased
2:Private and public sectors worked together as partners
3:Railwa lines built and manufacturing industries increased

Question 14

Failures of Zambian Humanism

Answer 14

The gap between the rich and poor increased
2:Povery and class difference increased
3:The price of copper weakened and Zambian economy declined