chapter 8.1 Flashcards
How the treaty of Versailles supported the nationalist aspirations of the people in Europe in 1919
~After the WW1. allied nations (Britain, France, Russia and USA) drew up the treaty of Versailles. As a result the treaty supported the nationalist aspirations of the people of eastern Europe.
\The origin of Fascism in Italy
Fascist was founded in 1919 by Benito Mussolini, Who was against Socialist and Communism.
-He became known as the second duce. The term Fascist refers to a bunch of sticks, representing unity.
-Fascism originated because Italy suffered from the weak economy as the result of WW1, therefore Italy remained in huge debts and low industrial output. It was established due to demonstration and arrests of unhappy citizens.
-In 1922, Fascist party became the official party in Italy
Development of Fascism in Italy
-It attracted people who were angry, poor, jobless and wanted change as well as protection against communism.
-In October 1922, Mussolini marched to Rome where he demanded for the formation of fascist movement.
-King Victor Emmanuel III had appointed Mussolini as prime minister, and he later took the title of II duce by November 1922 and ruled as a dictator
Characteristics of Fascist party
-Dictatorship
-Totalitarian
-Militarism
-Hatred for Jews
Origin of Nazism in Germany
-Was an ideology created by Adolf Hitler
- It was first called German Workers’ Party in 1919, and changed in 1920 to National Socialist Party, shortened to Nazi Party
-People were unhappy about of the leaders who sign the treaty of Versailles
Development of Nazism in Germany
Hitler became the leader of the Nazi party in 1921
-He increased the membership of the party with former soldiers who hated communism
-He also gained the support of the Germans by blaming the allied nations, the treaty of Versailles, the communists and Jews for the problems of Germans
-In November, Hitler and the Nazi party tried to overthrow the government in Bavaria, he was arrested and sentenced for a period of 5 years for treason. He wrote the book Mein Kampf while in prison
How Hitler came to power
Nazi party became popular among the youth because the use of force, intimidation and propaganda by the party supporters and the military wing of the Nazi Sturmabteilung
Economic crisis of 1929, that made New York stock exchange to collapse resulting to economic difficulties around the world giving Hitler the chance to convince the Germans that strong leadership under Nazi party was needed as the solution to Germany’s problems
In 1932 the Nazi party became the biggest party in Reichstag and president Hindenburg appointed Hitler as a chancellor of Germany in 1933
