African History 6.4

Question 1

What was the origin of Apartheid?

Answer 1

It started in SA in 1948, when NP came to power. The policy was based on racism and built on the idea that white people were superior to blacks. It was made to separate blacks into racial group. The leader of NP, D.F. Malan, was hailed the father of apartheid.

Question 2

The main features of Apartheid

Answer 2

~Different races were not allowed to have sexual relationships
~White people had separate facilities to everybody else
~Public services such as transport, and places such as cinemas, were racially segregated
~Only white people .could vote for government
~Creation of homelands
Apartheid Acts that were pass in the SA parliament

Question 3

Name and explain each Act

Answer 3

Prohibition of mixed marriages Act (1949)
~It made it illegal for whites to marry Asian or coloreds

Immorality Act (1950)
~It made sexual contact between Blacks and nonwhites

Population Registration Act (1950)
~It classified every individual according to race

Group Area Act (1950)
~It kept a separate are for each race

Prevention of illegal squatter Act (1950)
~It was made to remove Blacks to emergency camps

Native abolition of passes Act (1952)
~It introduced passbooks that were carried by Blacks at all times

Bantu Education Act (1953)
~It was a law that allocated funds, schools, and material for each race

Question 4

What is Military rule?

Answer 4

~When the country is under the control of the armed forces. This happens when the members of the Defense Force capture the country

Question 5

What is civilian rule?

Answer 5

~A country which is under the control of the ordinary citizens and the president is elected by the people to become the head of state or country

Question 6

What is dictatorship?

Answer 6

~It is a form of government where the ruler (president) has absolute powers. He rules through fear and intimidation
~This ruler doesn’t obey the constitution of the laws

Question 7

Examples of dictators in Africa

Answer 7

~Robert Mugabe Of Zim (1980)]
~Mobutu Seseseko of Congo (1965-1997)
~Julius Nyerere Of Tanza
~Idi-Amin of Uganda

Question 8

Measures used to promote democracy in Africa

Answer 8

~The fall of communism put more pressure on African countries to become democratic.
~Many countries in Africa became multiparty democracy.

In Namibia:
International pressure from the UN; Resolution 435
~Namibia’s democracy is protected by the constitution.