African History 6.1

Question 1

Explain Britain and France

Answer 1

~ These countries had many colonies in Africa and were exhausted after the world wars and didn’t have the energy or money to spend on resistance within their colonies

Question 2

Explain World war 1
as a factor that contributed towards the rise of African nationalism

Answer 2

African soldiers fought alongside European soldiers in the war and were treated as the equals to white soldiers and were inspired by seeing how people were willing to die for their countries

Question 3

What were the factors that contributed to African Nationalism?

Answer 3

~World war 1
~Britain and France
~Foundation of the UNO
~Education
~Urbanisation
~Pan-Africanism

Question 4

Explain Pan-Africanism

Answer 4

~Various Pan-African conferences were held and after the sixth congress, 1945, the movement for self-government gained momentum

Question 5

Explain the UNO

Answer 5

~The UN was formed after World war 2 and specified that any nation had the right to become independent if it wished to do so

Question 6

Explain education

Answer 6

~African leaders who studied abroad started nationalist movements in their country to fight for independence

Question 7

Explain urbanization

Answer 7

~A lot more Africans moved to cities to search for work and here they would meet with fellow countrymen who shared the same hardships and feelings about discrimination

Question 8

Discuss the role of major figures within the Pan-Africanism movement

Answer 8

William Du Bois
~He was born in the USA in 1868
~He was a student of African history and fought for the rights of all African people
~He founded the National Association for the Advanced of colored people that fought for the rights of blacks and end of segregation in USA

Marcus Garvey
~Was born in 1887 in Jamaica
~He founded UNIA with his slogan “Africa for Africans”
~He demanded the total liberation of African people from colonialism
~He was arrested for fraud and later was sent back to Jamaica

Question 9

Discuss the role of major figures within the Pan-Africanism movement

Answer 9

William Du Bois
~He was born in the USA in 1868
~He was a student of African history and fought for the rights of all African people
~He founded the National Association for the Advanced of colored people that fought for the rights of blacks and end of segregation in USA

Marcus Garvey
~Was born in 1887 in Jamaica
~He founded UNIA with his slogan “Africa for Africans”
~He demanded the total liberation of African people from colonialism
~He was arrested for fraud and later was sent back to Jamaica

Question 10

Who are the leaders who attended the Pan-African congress?

Answer 10

~Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana
~Leopold Seghor of Senegal
~Jomo Kenyatta of Kenya

Question 11

Development of Pan-Africanism

Answer 11

~It held different conferences from 1900 to 1945 in Europe.
~Most participants were from West Indies, USA and few from Africa.
~The aim of the meeting was to search for equality and freedom
~That desire grew into desire for autonomy and nationalism.

Question 12

Aims of Pan-Africanism

Answer 12

~To strengthen the bond between African origin all over the world
~To create a spirit of unity among Africans
~To draw the attention of the world on the discrimination against Africans in the USA
~Help black people all over the world to gain self-determination

Question 13

The main features of Apartheid

Answer 13

~Different races were not allowed to have sexual relationships
~White people had separate facilities to everybody else
~Public services such as transport, and places such as cinemas, were racially segregated
~Only white people .could vote for government
~Creation of homelands
Apartheid Acts that were pass in the SA parliament

Question 14

How did Kwame Nkrumah contribute to Pro-African unity?

Answer 14

~Kwame was the first president of Ghana
~He believed in total independence of Africa
~He organized the Pan-Africanism conference of 8 independent countries in Accra, where he persuaded African leaders to work out the chance of having common, political, economic and social policies in Africa
~He believed in the United States of Africa, a vision of a single government for the whole of African countries

Question 15

Failures of the Oau

Answer 15

~It failed to achieve unity in Africa
~It was still difficult to remain totally independent from former colonizers
~It didn’t solve the economic problems and poverty
~It didn’t stop wars in Africa, more money used to pay wars and less paid on improving lives
~OAU didn’t stop the human abuse in Africa; In Uganda under Idi Amin, took non-interference policy
~It was unable to stop many wars in Africa; Nigeria civil wat, Angola and DRC

Question 16

Describe the events that led up to the establishment of the OAU

Answer 16

~African leaders didn’t agree with how the African unity was perceived by Kwame Nkrumah
~Congo’s independence showed that newly independent states needed help

Question 17

Define the structure of the OAU

Answer 17

~~DON’T WORRY, GYAL!~~

Question 18

What is the Casablanca group?

Answer 18

It was a group that was under the leadership of Kwame Nkrumah
It believed in using force to achieve single political union for Africa and they wanted the unification to happen fast

Question 19

List the aims of the OAU

Answer 19

~To eliminate colonialism from Africa
~To settle disputes between member states
~To support and defend the independence of member states
~To promote unity, solidarity and mutual assistance from African states

Question 20

What is the Monrovia group?

Answer 20

It is a group that hoped to achieve the political union of Africa through economic cooperation, they were against political unity. Leaders of independent countries met in 1963 in Addis Ababa to discuss problems Africa faced.

Haile Selassie invited the two groups at the meeting and they all agreed to form the OAU