Economic developments to 1914 - Stolypin

Question 1

Industrial strengths

Answer 1

foreign investment soared = France provided 1/3 foreign capital

1903-13 25% of gov income from industrial investments
1903-13 industrial growth rate = 8.5%

1914 = 4th largest producer of coal, pig iron + steel
1914 = 5th largest industrial power

Question 2

Industrial weaknesses

Answer 2

industrialisation was not spread out evenly + certain regions were more dev
distraction of R-J war + 1905 rev took attention away from improving the economy

Question 3

Problems in Agriculture by 1906

Answer 3

Reonomy provided a livelihood for 90% of pop yet was ignored + sacrificed for industrialisation
farming remained small scale + traditional
lack of husbandry deprived soil of manure so grain output in Britain was 4x greater than R farms

Question 4

Stolypin

Answer 4

1906-11
minister of interior

Question 5

Stolypin’s reforms

Answer 5

Sept 1906 = more state land made available to peasants

Jan 1907 = redemption payments abolished as promised in 1905

Question 6

The success of Stolypin’s reforms

Answer 6

grain production increased and by 1909 R was the worlds leading cereal exporter

Question 7

Siberian settlement

Answer 7

Sept 1906 = gov subsidies encouraged migration + Siberian settlement increased

Stolypin’s encouragement of migration led to 3.5mil moving away from the overpopulated rural districts to Siberia

This helped Siberia to dev into a major agricultural region specialising in dairy + cereals by 1915

Question 8

Hereditary ownership

Answer 8

Nov 1906 = peasant land bank set up to help fund ownership of land
however, this was only fully operative by 1910 when the 3rd Duma approved

         = collective ownership of land by family abolished this made the land the personal property of an individual

Hereditary ownership of land by peasants increased by 20% in 1905 to 50% in 1915

Question 9

The success of Stolypin’s reforms
(Peasant Land Ownership)

Answer 9

Nov 1906 = peasant land bank set up to help fund ownership of land
however, this was only fully operative by 1910 when the 3rd Duma approved

             = collective ownership of land by family abolished this made the land the personal property of an individual

Hereditary ownership of land by peasants increased by 20% in 1905 to 50% in 1915

Question 10

The limitations of Stolypin’s reforms

Answer 10

1913 - only 1mil~ out of 5mil applications for hereditary ownership had been dealt with

landowners reluctant to give up land so 40% remained with nobles

fewer than 1% achieved kulak status

Question 11

Timeline of Economic dev to 1914

Answer 11

1906-11 = Stoypin becomes minister of interior
1906 = more state land made available to peasants
= Peasant land bank set up to help fund ownership of land
= gov subsidies encouraged migration to Siberia

Jan 1907 = Redemption payments abolished as promised in 1905

1909 = R is the worlds leading cereal exporter
1903-13 = 25% of gov income from industrial investments
= industrial growth rate = 8.5%
= only 1mil out of 5mil applications for hereditary farms dealt with

1914 = 4th largest producer of coal, pig iron + steel
1914 = 5th largest industrial power

Hereditary ownership of land by peasants increased from 20% in 1905 to 50% in 1915