Economic Development (Yr 11) Flashcards

Question

What was the Kyoto protocol?

Answer 1

From 1997, countries agreed to monitor and reduce greenhouse gas emissions by signing an international agreement called the Kyoto protocol. The aim was to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions. Each country had a target e.g. UK agreed to reduce emissions by 12.5% by 2012. Countries under their emission targets got carbon credits which they could sell to countries which didn't meet their target. They also earn by helping poorer countries reduce their emissions. Not all countries agreed e.g. USA and they had the highest emissions in the world.

Answer 2

Transport: Improve and encourage public transport Taxation: Increase tax on cars with high emissions and encourage cars with low emissions

Answer 3

Congestion charging: charge people for driving cars in cities Recycling: recycle more waste by building recycling plats so less energy is used on making new materials. Conserving energy: give money and advice to make homes energy efficient. Individuals can also conserve energy e.g. By switching lights off

Answer 4

Secondary: causes pollution from factories Tertiary and quaternary: use a lot of energy

Answer 5

Destroys large areas of land so there are fewer habitats and food sources, reducing biodiversity Uses lots of water which may deplete water sources Some kinds of mining may result in water pollution

Answer 6

Overfishing depletes resources and upsets the food chain Boats can leak oil and diesel which kills aquatic animals

Answer 7

Fewer trees means fewer habitats and food sources for animals and birds, reducing biodiversity Soil erosion becomes more common as there are less trees to hold the soil together Less CO2 is removed so more is in the atmosphere which contributes to global warming Less water is removed from soil and evaporated into the atmosphere so fewer clouds form and rainfall in the area is reduced, reducing plant growth

Answer 8

The production and distribution of goods and services.

Answer 9

Where one company contracts out some of its work to another one

Answer 10

Farming that produces enough food to feed the family - small scale The most basic form of agriculture where the produce is consumed entirely or mainly by the family who work the land or tend the livestock. If a small surplus is produced it is sold or traded.

Answer 11

The division of labour within a country into primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary

Answer 12

A popular biofuel grown in the tropics. By 2020 Europe wants 10% of its fuel to be from this product.

Answer 13

Economy within the tax system which is controlled by the government and large companies. These are higher paid and offer job security.

Answer 14

Low paid jobs outside the tax system It provides money for people who have no choice and can be spent on stores but there's no security and little income.

Answer 15

A model showing the average percentage change of employment in a country based on the different sectors. It ignores international context and some LEDCs have high tertiary sectors due to tourism.

Answer 16

Where a company contracts out some of its work to another company or country. This usually happens because it can save money. However it can also happen if a company lacks certain skills.

Answer 17

The stage at which an industry prefers to run in its former location although the main attractive factors are gone e.g. Raw materials have depleted or there's an energy crisis.

Answer 18

Landscapes ruined and at risk of over development Noise, air and visual pollution More traffic Local infrastructure, water supplies and sewage systems may not be able to cope and there can be issues with removing waste Animals endangered by boats and people who come too close Removing wildlife e.g. Coral or shells may damage ecosystems Litter on the beach is unsightly and can harm wildlife

Answer 19

Benefits: - Money is spent on tourist destinations - Companies invest millions on developments to benefit the areas' roads, water supply, sewage etc. - Results in an increase in jobs and more businesses can open. Farmers can benefit from selling produce to hotels Drawbacks: - Not all of the money goes to the area - most goes abroad e.g. To the airlines - Jobs may be seasonal and many tourism jobs are for the unskilled and are poorly paid