Economic Development in the UK

Question 1

What are the key causes for economic change in the UK?

Answer 1

• de industrialisation and decline of traditional industrial base- fewer jobs in manufacturing and heavy industry
• globalisation- a lot of manufacturing has moved overseas, trade with other countries is increasingly important
• government policies- government decisions on investment in new infrastructure and technology and support for business

Question 2

What proportion of tertiary and quaternary industries make up the UK’s workforce?

Answer 2

81% and growing

Question 3

What is the UK’s largest service sector?

Answer 3

Retail- it employs 4.4 million people

Question 4

How many people are employed by information technology like Microsoft?

Answer 4

60,000

Question 5

What five tertiary and quaternary industries are on the rise?

Answer 5

• services
• information technology
• finance
• research
• science and business parks

Question 6

How much was Donetsk on research and development in 2013 in the UK?

Answer 6

£30 billion

Question 7

Where are science and business parks found?

Answer 7

• on the outskirts of cities near to transport links
• close to housing to accommodate work force
• near universities

Question 8

Why have business parks grown in the UK?

Answer 8

• growing demand for high tech products
• high number of strong research universities for businesses on a science parks to form links with
• clusters of related businesses in one place can boost each other

Question 9

How much lower is the weekly wage of Huddersfield to London?

Answer 9

40% Lower

Question 10

What is life expectancy of male babies in Glasgow and in east Dorset?

Answer 10

• Glasgow 72.6 years

* east Dorset 82.9 years

Question 11

Is education better in the north or south?

Answer 11

South

Question 12

Why has the population of Western Cumbria decreased and what are the impacts?

Answer 12

• less jobs available due to lack of need for agriculture and manufacturing
• there are therefore less services as schools and shops shut down
• unemployment is rising

Question 13

Why have towns in North Somerset increased in recent years and what are the impacts?

Answer 13

• close to Bristol
• people are moving to quieter towns with easy access to Bristol for jobs
• housing prices have increased
• roads are congested with people commuting to Bristol
• schools are over subscribed

Question 14

What are the three ways the government are trying to resolve regional differences?

Answer 14

• devolving more powers- this allows money to be used in schemes which will benefit the local community
• creating enterprise zones- 55 enterprise zones have been created in the UK, these offer reduced taxes, simple planning rules, financial benefits and improved infrastructure to conpanies
• the northern powerhouse- improve transport links to north and attracting investments

Question 15

How can the UK improve its transport network?

Answer 15

• capacity on motorways is being increase by upgrading to smart motorways
• Crossrail is under construction and will increase central London’s capacity by 10% when it opens
• HS2 line linking London to Manchester will increased capacity and allow faster journirevti major cities
• a new runway is being added to an airport in the south east
• a new port London gateway is operating st the mouth of the river Thames

Question 16

What links does the UK have to other countries?

Answer 16

• trade- UK exports £250 billion worth of goods overseas every year
• culture- string creative industries allow UK culture to be exported worldwide
• Transport- airports act as hub to hundreds of countries
• electronic communications- trans-Atlantic cables travel via the UK
• European Union (EU)- economic and political partnership with 28 countries, over half of UK exports are into the EU
• the commonwealth- improves well being of all countries involved

Question 17

How can the effect of the industry on physical environments be reduced?

Answer 17

• modern industrial developments are more environmentally friendly than older plans because of stricter regulations
• better environmental awareness
• increasing energy and waste disposal costs

Question 18

What is an example of modern industrial development that is environmentally sustainable?

Answer 18

• Jaguar Land Rover opened a new engine manufacturing centre in Wolverhampton in 2014
• it was built to maximise natural cooling and natural light to reduce energy use
• it has solar panels which generate 30% of the electricity
• almost all waste is recycled