Economic Development Flashcards
development
the progress of a country in terms of economic growth, use of technology and improving welfare
development gap
the difference in development between counties
ways to measure development
-gross domestic product
-gross national income
-birth/death rate
-infant mortality rate
issues with development indicators
-can be misleading
- gives an average for the whole countries
-doesn’t consider criminal money
gross domestic product
the total values of goods and services a country produces in a year
what does gross domestic product measure?
wealth
gross national income
the total value of goods and services people of that nationality produces in a year.
what does gross national income measure?
wealth
birth rate
the number of live babies born per thousand, per year
death rate
the number of death per thousand of the population per year
what does birth rate measure?
womens’ rate
what does death rate measure?
health
infant mortality rate
the number of babies under the age of 1 who die per thousand babies born
what does infant mortality rate measure?
health
demographic transition model (DTM)
a model showing how populations change over time, in terms of their birth rates, death rates and total population size
2 strength of the DTM
-great model for the UK as it is based on the UK and relates directly to the country in which we live
-simple to use and understand
2 weaknesses of the DTM
-based on western economies. not accurate to those who haven’t followed this pattern of development
-government have acted upon population data
what are the 3 causes of uneven development?
-physical
-historical
-economic
examples of historical causes of uneven development
-colonisation
-conflict
physical causes of uneven development
-poor climate
-poor farming land
-few raw materials
-lots of natural disasters
economic causes of uneven development
-poor trade links
-lots of debt
-trade of primary products
ways to reduce the global development gap
-investment
-aid
-fair trade
-using intermediate technology
-microfinance loans
-industrial development
-debt relief
2 positives of increasing development though tourism - in Kenya
- tourism now contributes to over 12% of Kenya’s GDP
-600,000 people employed by tourism
2 negatives of increasing development though tourism - in Kenya
-some tribes have been forced off land
-vehicles damage the environment, an disrupt animals
global importance of Nigeria
-NEE
-12th largest producer of oil
-5th largest contributor to UN peacekeeping
importance of Nigeria to Africa
-highest GDP in Africa
-largest population of any African country at 182 million
what is the positive TNC that operates in Nigeria?
Unilever - soap
what is the negative TNC that operate in Nigeria?
Shell oil
how does Unilever contribute to Nigeria
employs 1500 people
how does Shell oil effect Nigeria?
-oil spills
-toxic fumes
