ecology 2

Question 1

conditions occurring at a specific area and time

Answer 1

weather

Question 2

long term average pattern of weather

Answer 2

climate

Question 3

solar energy that powers the earth’s climate system

Answer 3

short-wave radiation

Question 4

roughly half of the incoming solar radiation is absorbed by?

Answer 4

earth’s surface

Question 5

solar radiation absorbed by the earth’s surface is converted into? and emitted as

Answer 5

heat, long-wave radiation

Question 6

what warms up the earth’s lower atmosphere and surface?

Answer 6

infrared radiation that is absorbed by greenhouse gases and clouds in the atmosphere

Question 7

3 climate zones

Answer 7

polar, temperate, tropical

Question 8

cold areas

Answer 8

polar

Question 9

hot to cold seasons

Answer 9

temperate

Question 10

direct sunlight, always warm

Answer 10

tropical

Question 11

solar radiation falls directly on the tropic of cancer, increased day length on the northern hemisphere

Answer 11

summer solstice (june)

Question 12

solar radiation falls directly on the equator

Answer 12

vernal & autumnal equinoxes

Question 13

solar radiation falls directly on the tropic of capricorn, increased day day length in the southern hemisphere

Answer 13

winter solstice (december)

Question 14

reasons for seasons

Answer 14

1. uneven heating of the earth’s surface
2. tilting

Question 15

northern hemisphere, spring equinox, equator facing the sun

Answer 15

southern hemisphere autumnal equinox

Question 16

northern hemisphere, summer, titling towards the sun

Answer 16

southern hemisphere, winter, facing away from the sun

Question 17

northern hemisphere, autumnal equinox, equator facing the sun

Answer 17

southern hemisphere, spring equinox

Question 18

northern hemisphere, winter, tilts away from the sun

Answer 18

southern hemisphere, summer, faces towards the sun

Question 19

gases such as water vapor and carbon dioxide that are good absorbers of longwave radiation are
known as

Answer 19

“greenhouse gases.”

Question 20

The resulting
convergence of winds from the north and south in the region
of the equator is called

Answer 20

the Intertropical Convergence Zone, or
ITCZ, for short.

Question 21

subtropical & polar air masses meet

Answer 21

creating a moist temperate climate

Question 22

dry descending air absorbs moisture creating a?

Answer 22

desert

Question 23

rising air in the equator is associated with?

Answer 23

moist tropical climate

Question 24

how many air circulation cells on each side of the equatoe

Answer 24

3

Question 25

this is due to longitudinal compression

Answer 25

belts of prevailing winds

Question 26

air masses and all moving objects in the Northern Hemisphere are deflected to the right (clockwise motion), and in the Southern Hemisphere to the left (counterclockwise motion)

Answer 26

Coriolis effect

Question 27

systematic patterns of water movement are called

Answer 27

currents

Question 28

the transformation of water from a liquid to a gaseous state,

Answer 28

Evaporation

Question 29

the transformation of water vapor to a liquid state, releases an equivalent amount of

Answer 29

Condensation

Question 30

A more familiar measure of the water content of the air , or the amount of water vapor in the air expressed as a percentage of the saturation vapor pressure

Answer 30

relative humidity

Question 31

the windward side of a mountain supports denser, more vigorous vegetation and different species of plants and associated animals than does the leeward side, where in some areas dry, desert-like conditions exist

Answer 31

rain shadow