ecology

Question 1

Ecology of communities.

Answer 1

1) Population Ecology
2) Community Ecology
3) Ecosystem Ecology

Question 2

Lotic

Answer 2

a) River
b) Stream
c) Spring

Question 3

Terrestial

Answer 3

a. Grassland Ecology
b. Forest Ecology
c. Desert Ecology

Question 4

advancement field of eco

Answer 4

a. Productive ecology
b. Population ecology
c. Community ecology
d. Ecosystem ecology
e. Microbial ecology
f. Radiation ecology
g. Pollution ecology
h. Space ecology

Question 5

natural ecosystem

Answer 5

A . Terrestrial Ecosystem :
Forest, grassland, desert, etc.
B. Aquatic Ecosystem :
a. Fresh water : Lotic (running water
like spring, stream, or rivers) or
Lentic (standing water as lake,
pond, pools, etc.)
b. Marine water : Such as deep bodies
as ocean or shallow ones as sea
or an estuary.

Question 6

Lentic

Answer 6

a) Pond
b) Lake

Question 7

Abiotic Components are mainly of two types:

Answer 7

1) Climatic Factors: which include rain,
temperature, light, wind, etc.
2) Edaphic Factors: which include soil, pH,
topography, Minerals, etc.

Question 8

COMPONENTS of ECOSYSTEM

Answer 8

biotic and abiotic

Question 8

The Major Biological Components of Ecosystem

Answer 8

A. Producers (Autotrophs)(self-feeders)
– Make their own food from compounds that are obtained
from their environment.
– Are the source of all food in an ecosystem.
– On land most producers are green plants.
– In freshwater and marine ecosystems, algae and
plants are the major producers near shorelines.
– In open water, the dominant producers are
phytoplankton (most of them microscopic) that float
or drift in the water.
– Most producers capture sunlight to make carbohydrates
(such as glucose) by photosynthesis .
B. Consumers (Heterotrophs) (“other feeders”)
They get their energy and nutrients by feeding on other organisms or their remains.
1. Primary consumers : Are those that eat producers(plants) as a source of food. They are also known as herbivores.
2. Secondary consumers or carnivores : Eat other
animals.
3. Tertiary Consumers : Large Carnivores which feed on secondary consumers.
4. Quaternary Consumers : Largest Carnivores that feed on tertiary consumers. They are not eaten by any animals.
5. Omnivores : Have mixed diet that include both plants and animals.
C. Decomposer :
* Mostly certain types of bacteria and fungi are specialized consumers that recycle organic matter in ecosystems.
* They do this by breaking down (biodegrading) dead organic material to get nutrients and releasing the resulting simpler inorganic compounds into the soil and water, where they can be taken up as nutrients by
producers.