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Everything Paramedic > ECGs > Flashcards

ECGs Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the characteristics of atrial flutter

A
  • Regular atrial rhythm
  • Sawtooth pattern
  • Atrial rate of 250-300
  • Ventricle rate is regular
  • QRS is less than 0.12
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2
Q

What are the characteristics of atrial fibrillation

A
  • Irregularly irregular rhythm
  • Atrial rate is very fast
  • Can see QRS
  • No visible P waves (not same morphology)
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3
Q

What are the characteristics of wandering atrial pacemaker

A
  • R-R intervals vary slightly as the pacemaker site changes
  • Rhythm can be slightly irregular
  • Morphology of P waves changes
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4
Q

What are the characteristics of Premature atrial contractions

A
  • Premature ectopic beat will interrupt the regularity of the rhythm
  • P wave of premature beat will have a different morphology
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5
Q

What are the characteristics of premature junctional contraction (PJC)

A
  • Premature ectopic beat will interrupt the regularity of the rhythm
  • P wave can come before, after or be lost in the QRS (if visible the P wave will be inverted)
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6
Q

What are the characteristics of junctional escape rhythm

A
  • R-R intervals are constant
  • Regular rhythm
  • P waves are inverted and come either before or after the QRS or are lost entirely.
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7
Q

What are the characteristics of SVT

A
  • Rate: 150-200 bpm
  • Regular rhythm
  • P waves are not present (hidden in the T waves of proceeding beat)
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8
Q

What are the characteristics of 1st degree AV block

A
  • Long P-R intervals (greater than 0.20 seconds)
  • Regular rhythm
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9
Q

What are the characteristics of 2nd degree heart block type 2

A
  • P waves are consistent, but the QRS are not
  • Always more P waves than QRS complexes
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10
Q

What are the characteristics of 3rd degree heart block

A
  • P waves and QRS march to their own beat but they are both regular but not synced with each other.
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11
Q

What are the characteristics of PVC

A
  • Regular or irregular rhythm
  • Wide QRS complex beat that premature and no proceeding P wave
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12
Q

What are the characteristics of ventricular tachycardia

A
  • Rhythm: regular (can be slightly irregular)
  • Atrial rate cannot be determined
  • Ventricular rate is 150-200 bpm
  • P waves are not present
  • QRS are wide and bizarre
  • Another type is torsade de Pointes
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13
Q

What are the characteristics of ventricular fibrillation (VF)

A
  • No waves or complexes can be analyzed to determines regularity (chaotic)
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14
Q

What are the characteristics of idioventricular rhythm

A
  • Slow ventricular escape rhythm with wide QRS (wide and slow and the P waves don’t show)
  • Ventricular rate 20-40 bpm
  • Regular rhythm
  • No P waves
  • QRS is wide and bizarre
  • Accelerated = 40-100 bpm
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15
Q

What is the P wave

A

Atrial depolarization
<0.12 seconds (3 boxes)

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16
Q

What is the P-R interval

A

Impulse delay at the AV node
0.12-0.20 seconds (3-5 boxes)

17
Q

What is the QRS complex

A

Ventricular depolarization
0.08-0.12 seconds (2-3 boxes)

18
Q

What is the T wave

A

Ventricular repolarization

19
Q

What is the ST-segment

A

Distance from the end of the S wave to the beginning of the T wave
Depression = Ischemia
Elevation = Infarct

20
Q

What is the QT-interval

A
  • Time interval between the onset of the depolarization and the termination of repolarization of the ventricles
  • Dependent on the heart rate (should be less than half of the R-R interval)
21
Q

What is the R-R interval

A

The time between two successive ventricular depolarizations

22
Q

What are the characteristics of Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome

A
  • Short P-R interval (less than 0.12 seconds)
  • Delta wave present
23
Q

What are the characteristics of 2nd degree heart block type 1 (Wenckebach)

A
  • P-R intervals get progressively longer until one P wave is not followed by a QRS
  • Wider, wider, wider, gone

Everything Paramedic (16 decks)

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