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Everything Paramedic > Analgesia and Nausea/Vomiting > Flashcards

Analgesia and Nausea/Vomiting Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the indications for the Analgesia m.d.

A

Pain

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2
Q

What kind of drug is acetaminophen

A
  • Treats mild to moderate pain
  • Analgesic and antipyretic effects
  • Does not inhibit platelet aggregation
  • AKA Tylenol
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3
Q

What kind of drug is Ibuprofen

A
  • NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug)
  • Analgesia, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory
  • AKA Advil
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4
Q

What kind of drug is Ketorolac

A
  • AKA Toradol
  • Considered an NSAID
  • Non-selective blocker of prostaglandin synthesis
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5
Q

What does NSAID stand for

A

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug

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6
Q

What are the conditions to acetaminophen (analgesia m.d.)

A

Age ≥ 12 years
LOA: unaltered

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7
Q

What are the conditions to ibuprofen (analgesia m.d.)

A

Age ≥ 12 years
Unaltered

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8
Q

What are the conditions to Ketorolac (analgesia m.d.)?

A

Age ≥ 12 years
Unaltered
Normotension

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9
Q

What are the contraindications to acetaminophen (analgesia m.d.)

A
  • Allergy or sensitivity to acetaminophen
  • Acetaminophen use within previous 4 hours
  • Hx of liver disease
  • Active vomiting
  • Unable to tolerate oral medication
  • Suspected ischemic chest pain
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10
Q

What are the contraindications to ibuprofen (analgesia m.d.)

12

A
  • Allergy or sensitivity to ASA or NSAIDs
  • NSAID use within the previous 6 hours
  • Patient on anticoagulant therapy
  • Current active bleeding
  • Hx of peptic ulcer disease or GI bleed
  • Prego
  • Is asthmatic, no prior use of ASA or other NSAIDs
  • CVA or TBI in the previous 24 hours
  • Known renal impairment
  • Active vomiting
  • Unable to tolerate oral medication
  • Suspected ischemic chest pain
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11
Q

What are the contraindications to ketorolac (analgesia m.d.)

10

A
  • Allergy or sensitivity to ASA or NSAIDs
  • NSAID use within previous 6 hours
  • Patient on anticoagulation therapy
  • Current active bleeding
  • Hx of peptic ulcer disease or GI bleed
  • Prego
  • Is asthmatic, no prior use of ASA or other NSAIDs
  • CVA or TBI in the previous 24 hours
  • Known renal impairment
  • Suspected ischemic chest pain
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12
Q

What is the treatment for acetaminophen (analgesia m.d.)

A

Age ≥12 years to <18 years
- Route: PO
- Dose: 500-650 mg
- Max single dose: 650 mg
- Dosing interval: N/A
- Max # of doses: 1
Age ≥ 18 years
- Route: PO
- Dose: 960-1000 mg
- Max single dose: 1000 mg
- Dosing interval: N/A
- Max # of doses: 1

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13
Q

What is the treatment for Ibuprofen (analgesia m.d.)

A

Age: ≥ 12 years
- Route: PO
- Dose: 400 mg
- Max single dose: 400 mg
- Dosing interval: N/A
- Max # of doses: 1

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14
Q

What is the treatment for ketorolac (analgesia m.d.)

A

Age ≥ 12 years
- Route: IM/IV
- Dose: 10-15 mg
- Max single dose: 15 mg
- Dosing interval: N/A
- Max # of doses: 1

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15
Q

What are the indications for the N/V m.d.

A

Nausea or Vomiting

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16
Q

What kind of drug is Dimenhydrinate?

A
  • Used to treat motion sickness, nausea, or vomiting.
  • Antihistamine, H1 receptor antagonist
17
Q

What is the common name of dimenhydrinate?

A

Gravol

18
Q

What kind of drug is Ondansetron?

A
  • Antiemetic
  • Blocks serotonin at the 5-HT receptors
  • Treats nausea/vomiting due to stimulation of the vagus nerve
19
Q

What’s the common name for Ondansetron

A

Zofran

20
Q

What are the conditions to Ondansetron (N/V m.d.)

A

Weight: ≥ 25 kg
LOA: Unaltered

21
Q

What are the conditions to DIMENHYDRINATE

A

Age: < 65 years
Weight: ≥ 25 kg
LOA: unaltered

22
Q

In what situations is ONDANSETRON the better choice?

A
  • Head trauma (less risk of ICP)
  • Elderly patients
  • Taking diphenhydramine, anticholinergics or tricyclic antidepressants
  • Cause from drug interactions (chemotherapy, alcohol, cannabis, illicit drugs)
23
Q

In what situations is DIMENHYDRINATE the better choice?

A
  • Motion sickness
  • Upset stomach due to food ingestion
  • Best for people on SSRIs
    Hyperemesis for a pregnant patient
    ( Avoid with head injuries cuz it can cause increased ICP)
24
Q

What are the contraindications for ONDANSETRON (N/V m.d.)?

A
  • Allergy to Ondansetron
  • Prolonged QT syndrome (known to patient)
  • Apomorphine use
25
Q

What are the contraindications for DIMENHYDRINATE (N/V m.d.)?

A
  • Allergy or sensitivity to dimenhydrinate OR other antihistamines
  • Overdose on antihistamines OR anticholinergics OR tricyclic antidepressants
  • Co-administration of diphenhydramine
26
Q

What is the treatment for ONDANSETRON (N/V m.d.)?

A

Weight: ≥ 25 kg
Route: PO
Dose: 4 mg
Max. single dose: 4 mg
Max # of doses: 1

27
Q

What is the treatment for DIMENHYDRINATE (N/V m.d.)?

A

Weight ≥ 25kg to < 50kg
- Route: IV or IM
- Dose: 25 mg
- Max single dose: 25 mg
- Max number of doses: 1
Weight ≥ 50kg
- Route: IV or IM
- Dose: 50 mg
- Max single dose: 50 mg
Max # of doses: 1

28
Q

How do you dilate IV dimenhydrinate?

A

5 mg/mL or 10 mg/mL
(It will facilitate a slower and less painful administration)

29
Q

Can you co-administer ONDANSETRON and DIMENHYDRINATE?

A

If the patient has received Ondansetron and has no relief of their n/v symptoms after 30 minutes, dimenhydrinate may be considered.

30
Q

Can you administer ONDANSETRON to a pregnant patient?

A

It can pass the placental barrier and is excreted in breast milk, therefore you want to be careful when considering it for a prego patient.

31
Q

Why can’t u give ibuprofen to someone with known renal impairement

A

Ibuprofen = decrease blood flow to the kidneys

32
Q

What are the risk of rapidly administering ketorolac

A
  • Can cause severe bradycardia

Everything Paramedic (16 decks)

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