Analgesia and Nausea/Vomiting Flashcards
What are the indications for the Analgesia m.d.
Pain
What kind of drug is acetaminophen
- Treats mild to moderate pain
- Analgesic and antipyretic effects
- Does not inhibit platelet aggregation
- AKA Tylenol
What kind of drug is Ibuprofen
- NSAID (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug)
- Analgesia, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory
- AKA Advil
What kind of drug is Ketorolac
- AKA Toradol
- Considered an NSAID
- Non-selective blocker of prostaglandin synthesis
What does NSAID stand for
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug
What are the conditions to acetaminophen (analgesia m.d.)
Age ≥ 12 years
LOA: unaltered
What are the conditions to ibuprofen (analgesia m.d.)
Age ≥ 12 years
Unaltered
What are the conditions to Ketorolac (analgesia m.d.)?
Age ≥ 12 years
Unaltered
Normotension
What are the contraindications to acetaminophen (analgesia m.d.)
- Allergy or sensitivity to acetaminophen
- Acetaminophen use within previous 4 hours
- Hx of liver disease
- Active vomiting
- Unable to tolerate oral medication
- Suspected ischemic chest pain
What are the contraindications to ibuprofen (analgesia m.d.)
12
- Allergy or sensitivity to ASA or NSAIDs
- NSAID use within the previous 6 hours
- Patient on anticoagulant therapy
- Current active bleeding
- Hx of peptic ulcer disease or GI bleed
- Prego
- Is asthmatic, no prior use of ASA or other NSAIDs
- CVA or TBI in the previous 24 hours
- Known renal impairment
- Active vomiting
- Unable to tolerate oral medication
- Suspected ischemic chest pain
What are the contraindications to ketorolac (analgesia m.d.)
10
- Allergy or sensitivity to ASA or NSAIDs
- NSAID use within previous 6 hours
- Patient on anticoagulation therapy
- Current active bleeding
- Hx of peptic ulcer disease or GI bleed
- Prego
- Is asthmatic, no prior use of ASA or other NSAIDs
- CVA or TBI in the previous 24 hours
- Known renal impairment
- Suspected ischemic chest pain
What is the treatment for acetaminophen (analgesia m.d.)
Age ≥12 years to <18 years
- Route: PO
- Dose: 500-650 mg
- Max single dose: 650 mg
- Dosing interval: N/A
- Max # of doses: 1
Age ≥ 18 years
- Route: PO
- Dose: 960-1000 mg
- Max single dose: 1000 mg
- Dosing interval: N/A
- Max # of doses: 1
What is the treatment for Ibuprofen (analgesia m.d.)
Age: ≥ 12 years
- Route: PO
- Dose: 400 mg
- Max single dose: 400 mg
- Dosing interval: N/A
- Max # of doses: 1
What is the treatment for ketorolac (analgesia m.d.)
Age ≥ 12 years
- Route: IM/IV
- Dose: 10-15 mg
- Max single dose: 15 mg
- Dosing interval: N/A
- Max # of doses: 1
What are the indications for the N/V m.d.
Nausea or Vomiting
What kind of drug is Dimenhydrinate?
- Used to treat motion sickness, nausea, or vomiting.
- Antihistamine, H1 receptor antagonist
What is the common name of dimenhydrinate?
Gravol
What kind of drug is Ondansetron?
- Antiemetic
- Blocks serotonin at the 5-HT receptors
- Treats nausea/vomiting due to stimulation of the vagus nerve
What’s the common name for Ondansetron
Zofran
What are the conditions to Ondansetron (N/V m.d.)
Weight: ≥ 25 kg
LOA: Unaltered
What are the conditions to DIMENHYDRINATE
Age: < 65 years
Weight: ≥ 25 kg
LOA: unaltered
In what situations is ONDANSETRON the better choice?
- Head trauma (less risk of ICP)
- Elderly patients
- Taking diphenhydramine, anticholinergics or tricyclic antidepressants
- Cause from drug interactions (chemotherapy, alcohol, cannabis, illicit drugs)
In what situations is DIMENHYDRINATE the better choice?
- Motion sickness
- Upset stomach due to food ingestion
- Best for people on SSRIs
Hyperemesis for a pregnant patient
( Avoid with head injuries cuz it can cause increased ICP)
What are the contraindications for ONDANSETRON (N/V m.d.)?
- Allergy to Ondansetron
- Prolonged QT syndrome (known to patient)
- Apomorphine use
