ECG and pressure graph Flashcards

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1
Q

ECG

A

Electrocardiogram. Measures the electrical pulse of the heart by sensors/electrodes on the chest.

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2
Q

P wave

A

Atrial systole the depolarization phase. The end of the wave is were the AV valve opens.

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3
Q

Depolarization

A

It is a change within a cell, during which the cell undergoes a shift in electric charge distribution, resulting in less negative charge inside the cell. Electrical impulse causes ions to cross the cell membrane and an action potential takes place.

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4
Q

Repolarization

A

It is the return of the ions to their previous resting state, which corresponds with relaxation of the myocardial muscle. Ions return to the normal side ready for the next action potential.

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5
Q

QRS complex

A

Ventricular systole and at the end of the wave atrial diastole. At the peak of the Q wave the AV valve shuts.

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6
Q

T wave

A

Ventricular diastole and repolarization of the heart muscle.

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7
Q

Tachycardia

A

Fast heart rate

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8
Q

Bradycardia

A

Slow heart rate

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9
Q

Atrial pressure

A

Least change in pressure. Always quite low because the walls are thin so can’t exert a huge pressure. As the atria fills with blood there is a slight increase.

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10
Q

Ventricular pressure

A

Starts low but has a huge pressure change. The AV valve shuts and the pressure rises due to the thick muscular walls. The semilunar valve opens and the pressure lowers as blood leaves the heart.

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11
Q

When are the semilunar valves open?

A

When the ventricular pressure is higher than the aortic pressure.

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12
Q

When are the AV valves open?

A

When the atrial pressure is higher than the ventricular pressure.

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