ECG abnormalities

Question 1

Which artery is implicated in V1-V4

Answer 1

Left anterior descending

Question 2

Which artery is implicated in II, III, aVF

Answer 2

Right coronary

Question 3

Which artery is implicated in V4-6, I, aVL

Answer 3

Left anterior descending or left circumflex

Question 4

Which artery is implicated in I, aVL +/- V5-6

Answer 4

Left circumflex

Question 5

Which artery is implicated in Tall R waves V1-2

Answer 5

Usually left circumflex, also right coronary

Question 6

What are the ECG changes in hypokalaemia?

Answer 6

U waves
small or absent T waves (occasionally inversion)
prolong PR interval
ST depression
long QT

In Hypokalaemia, U have no Pot and no T, but a long PR and a long QT

Question 7

What would you see in LVH?

Answer 7

sum of S wave in V1 and R wave in V5 or V6 exceeds 40 mm

Question 8

What would you see in left atrial enlargement?

Answer 8

bifid P wave in lead II with a duration > 120 ms

in V1 the P wave has a negative terminal portion

Question 9

What would you see in right atrial enlargement?

Answer 9

tall P waves in both II and V1 which exceed 0.25 mV

Question 10

What are the causes of left axis deviation?

Answer 10

left anterior hemiblock
left bundle branch block
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome* - right-sided accessory pathway
hyperkalaemia
congenital: ostium primum ASD, tricuspid atresia
minor LAD in obese people

Question 11

Causes of right axis deviation (RAD)

Answer 11

right ventricular hypertrophy
left posterior hemiblock
chronic lung disease → cor pulmonale
pulmonary embolism
ostium secundum ASD
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome* - left-sided accessory pathway
normal in infant < 1 years old
minor RAD in tall people