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CP Final > ECG > Flashcards

ECG Flashcards

1
Q

Conduction

A

Current

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2
Q

Vectors

A

Sum of current

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3
Q

Timing

A

Duration, frequency

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4
Q

Intervals

A

Segments of conduction

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5
Q

Patterns

A

Morphology

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6
Q

Rhythm

A

Fast, slow, regular, irregular

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7
Q

P wave

A

Atrial depolarization (right atrium to left atrium)
Upright in I, II, V4-V6, aVF
Inverted in aVR
Usually somewhat biphasic in V1
PR interval: beginning of P wave to start of Q wave
-usually 0.12-0.20 sec
-time from SA node to ventricular fibers

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8
Q

QRS complex

A

Ventricular depolarization=0.05-0.10 sec
Q waves typically <0.03 sec
Q wave usually small and narrow
-1-2 mm deep in I, aVL, V5, V6
->2 mm indicative of infarction, particularly in limb leads
QT duration: ventricular systole
-clinically associated with myocardial infarct or ischemia

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9
Q

ST segment

A 
Just after QRS
Assess distance from baseline
-<1 mm in limb leads
-<2 mm in precordial leads
-"elevation" or "depression" when further from baseline than normal
--myocardial infarction or ischemia
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10
Q

T wave

A

Ventricular repolarization
Upright in I, II, V3-V6
Usually inverted in aVR
Variable in all other leads
Slightly rounded and asymmetrical in morphology
<5 mm high in limb leads, <10 mm high in precordial leads
Inversion: usually associated with ischemia

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11
Q

HR on ECG

A

Count number of complexes in 6 seconds * 10

OR

300, 150, 100, 75, 60, 50,…

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12
Q 
Rhythm-not present
Rate-absent
P wave-absent
PR interval-absent
QRS-absent
A

Asystole

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13
Q

Rhythm-irregular
Rate-very fast (>350 bpm) for atrial, but ventricular rate may be slow, normal, or fast
P wave-absent-erratic waves are present
PR interval-absent
QRS-normal but may be widened if there are conduction delays

A

Atrial fibrillation

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14
Q

Rhythm-regular or irregular
Rate-fast (250-350 bpm) for atrial, but ventricular rate is often slower
P wave-not observable, but saw-toothed flutter waves are present
PR interval-not measurable
QRS-normal (0.06-0.10 sec)

A

Atrial flutter

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15
Q 
Rhythm-regular
Rate-underlying rate
P wave-normal
PR interval-prolonged (>0.20 sec)
QRS-normal (0.06-0.10 sec)
A

First degree heart block

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16
Q 
Rhythm-regular
Rate-normal (60-100 bpm)
P wave-normal (positive &amp; precedes each QRS)
PR interval-normal (0.12-0.20 sec)
QRS-normal (0.06-0.10 sec)
A

Normal sinus rhythm

17
Q

Rhythm-irregular
Rate-usually normal but depends on underlying rhythm
P wave-premature, positive and shape is abnormal
PR interval-normal or longer
QRS-0.10 sec or less

A

Premature atrial complex

18
Q 
Rhythm-irregular
Rate-underlying rate
P wave-absent
PR interval-not measurable
QRS-wide (>0.10 sec), bizarre appearance
A

Premature ventricular complex

19
Q

Rhythm-irregular but with progressively longer PR interval lengthening
Rate-underlying rate
P wave-normal
PR interval-progressively longer until a QRS complex is missed, then cycle repeats
QRS-normal (0.06-0.10 sec)

A

Second degree heart block type I

20
Q

Rhythm-regular (atrial) and irregular (ventricular)
Rate-characterized by atrial rate usually faster than ventricular rate (usually slow)
P wave-normal form, but more P waves than QRS complexes
PR interval-normal or prolonged
QRS-normal or wide

A

Second degree heart block type II

21
Q 
Rhythm-irregular when \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ occurs
Rate-normal or slow
P wave-normal
PR interval-normal (0.12-0.20 sec)
QRS-normal (0.06-0.10 sec)
A

Sinoatrial block

22
Q 
Rhythm-regular
Rate-slow (<60 bpm)
P wave-normal
PR interval-normal (0.12-0.20 sec)
QRS-normal (0.06-0.10 sec)
A

Sinus bradycardia

23
Q 
Rhythm-regular
Rate-fast (>100 bpm)
P wave-normal, may merge with T wave at very fast rates
PR interval-normal (0.12-0.20 sec)
QRS-normal (0.06-0.10 sec)
A

Sinus tachycardia

24
Q 
Rhythm-regular
Rate-fast (150-250 bpm)
P wave- merged with T wave
PR interval-normal (0.12 sec)
QRS-normal (0.10 sec)
A

Supraventricular tachycardia

25
Q

Rhythm-regular, but atrial and ventricular rhythms are independent
Rate-characterized by atrial rate usually normal and faster than ventricular rate
P wave-normal shape and size, may appear within QRS complexes
PR interval-absent: the atria and ventricles beat independently
QRS-normal, but wide if junctional escape focus

A

Third degree heart block

26
Q 
Rhythm-highly irregular
Rate-unmeasurable
P wave-absent
PR interval-absent
QRS-none
A

Ventricular fibrillation

27
Q 
Rhythm-regular
Rate-fast (100-250 bpm)
P wave-absent
PR interval-not measurable
QRS-wide (>0.10 sec), bizarre appearance
A

Ventricular tachycardia

CP Final (10 decks)

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