ECG Flashcards
what is the j point?
where QRS complex ends and ST segment begins
if the QRS complex is negative in a lead, what can you expect the T wave to be? in healthy heart
negative also. usually corresponds
is troponin raised in stable angina?
no
difference between stable and unstable angina
unstable angina can come on at rest, progressively easier to come on, more autonomic symptoms (nausea, vomiting), does not resolve with GTN
can occur at night and wake the patient
difference between NSTEMI and STEMI in terms of tissue affected
NSTEMI is non-transmural AKA subendocardial myocardial infarct.
cell death is not all the way through the muscle wall
ECG changes in STEMI
increase T wave amplitude
ST elevation
pathological Q waves
T wave inversion
if a T wave inversion is visible on an ECG how long ago was the MI most likely to have occurred?
few days to months
how long does ST elevation take to become visible on an ECG after the MI?
within hours
how is the start time of an MI ascertained?
exact time cannot be known, but usually taken as from the time the patient decided to call for help
simplified ECG criteria for a STEMI
ECG changes in 2 contiguous leads
≥2mm in chest leads
≥1mm in limb leads
what is the structure for reporting an ECG
patient details, symptoms, date etc.
Rate - A and V Rhythm - sinus? Axis P waves PR interval <0.12 QRS complex 0.12-0.20 QTc interval <440m <460f ST elevation/depression T waves impression
what are reciprocal changes in an ECG?
ST depression in leads next to where the MI occured
ST elevation in which leads indicate an inferior infarct?
II II and avF
ST elevation in which leads indicate a lateral infarct?
I aVL
V5 V6
ST elevation in which leads indicate a anterior infarct?
V3 V 4
