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Cardiovascular System > ECG 2- Abnormalities > Flashcards

ECG 2- Abnormalities Flashcards

1
Q

ECG: ST elevation.

A

MI

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2
Q

ECG: Wavy baseline, no p waves, narrow QRS complexes.

A

Atrial fibrillation

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3
Q

What do pathological Q waves indicate?

A

Necrotic tissue

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4
Q

What is the difference between ST elevation and ST depression

A

Elevation: injury
Depression: ischaemia

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5
Q

What would be seen with hyperkalaemia?

A

A bit raised: High T wave. Prolonged PR interval. ST depression
Raised higher: P wave absent, atrial standstill
Very high, ventricular fibrillation

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6
Q

What would you see in atrial fib?

A

ECG: Wavy baseline, no p waves, narrow QRS complexes.

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7
Q

ECG: Normal apart from pathological Q wave

A

Has had MI in the past

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8
Q

ECG: Abnormal chaotic baseline. No QRS

A

Ventricvular fibrillation

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9
Q

Give 7 questions you would ask when viewing an ecg

A

Heart rate?
Regular or irregular
Broad or narrow QRS (Broad would suggest impulse is orginating in the ventricle)
P waves present?
What are the P waves like?
Relationship of P waves to QRS? (Heart block)
ST segment

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10
Q

ECG: High T wave. ST depression.

A

Hyperkalaemia

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11
Q

ECG: Prolonged PR interval. Otherwise normal

A

First degree heart block

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12
Q

ECG: ST depression

A

Ischaemia

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13
Q

When will you see ST elevation?

A

When the muscle injury extends the full thickness from endo to epicardium

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14
Q

Describe third degree heart block

A

AV node nnot conducting the atrial signal through to the ventricles. Ventricular escape rhythm takes over

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15
Q

What would be seen in hypokalaemia?

A

Low T wave
The presence of a U wave after the T wave
If very low, some ST depression

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16
Q

What is first degree heart block?

A

Prolonged PR interval due to slow conduction of AV to His bundle

17
Q

Danger of mobitx type 2?

A

Likely to progress to third degree heart block

18
Q

Two causes of heart block?

A

MI

Degenerative disease

19
Q

define ventricular tachycardia

A

run of 3 or more ectopic beats

20
Q

What two factors make a Q wave pathological?

A

> 1 square wide

>2 squares deep (Small)

21
Q

Describe what you would do if you get a patient in VF

A

CPR

Defibrillation

22
Q

ECG: Low T wave. A wave present after the T wave

A

Kypokalaemia

23
Q

Describe the ecg of third degree heart block

A

ECG: P waves not associated with QRS complex. Heart rate slow (30-40). wide QRS complex

24
Q

Describe what you will see over time with STEMI

A

Acute: ST elevation
Hours: ST elevation, decreased R wave, Beginning of a Q wave
Days: The above. Inverted T wave.
Weeks: Pathological Q wave. Rest normalises

25
Q

How is a ventricular ectopic beat different to the escape rhythm?

A

Escape rhythm regular

Ventricular ectopic beat random and just find opportunistic moment

26
Q

What is atrial fibrillation?

A

Multiple foci with chaotic impulses

27
Q

ECG: Progressively lengthening PR interval. Sudden QRS complex dropped. resets.

A

Second degree heart block, mobitz type 1 (WEnchebach)

28
Q

ECG: Every couple of QRS complexes, one is missed. Otherwise normal

A

Second degree heart block, mobitz type 2

29
Q

ECG: P waves not associated with QRS complex. Heart rate slow (30-40). wide QRS complex

A

third degree heart block

30
Q

Describe the ecg of a ventricular ectopic beat

A

ECG: Random, wide QRS complex. Otherwise normal. Proceeded by normal sinus rhythm

31
Q

What would you see with Second degree heart block, mobitz type 1 (WEnchebach)

A

ECG: Progressively lengthening PR interval. Sudden QRS complex dropped. resets.

32
Q

ECG: Random, wide QRS complex. Otherwise normal. Proceeded by normal sinus rhythm

A

Ventricular ectopic beat

Cardiovascular System (15 decks)

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