Eating disorders 3

Question 1

GLP1 - Glucagon like peptide

Answer 1

-Released by L cells in ileum and colon
-Satiety Signal
-Suppresses gastric emptying
-Stimulates insulin release
-Signals via the nervus vagus
-Also produced by neurons in the brainstem

Question 2

Semaglutide effectiveness

Answer 2

Semaglutide on top of lifestyle intervention led to 15.2% of weight loss after 104 weeks, compared to 2.6% for placebo

Question 3

Dual GIP/GLP-1 agonist

Answer 3

-Gives 20-25% weight loss compared to bariatric surgery
-GIP - glucosedependent insulinotrpic polypeptide =
Made in duodenum and pancreas - stimulates insulin production

Question 4

Naltrexom/bupropion

Answer 4

-Bupropion stimulates POMC neurons that stimulate MCR-4
-Blocking the feedback loop with naltrexone facilitates a more potent and longer-lasting activation of POMC neurons, amplifying the effects of bupropion on energy balance

Question 5

Pharmacological treatment

Answer 5

+ Body weight regulation
Altered lipolysis
Glycemic control

• Side effects
  Pharmaceutical monopoly
  Long-term effects

Question 6

Circadian eating

Answer 6

Time-restricted eating reduces weight and blood pressure in patients with metabolic syndrome

Question 7

Sweeteners vs Sugar

Answer 7

No calories - no effect on blood pressure
Some studies show associations of sweeteners with weight gain in type 2 diabetes, some studies don’t

Question 8

Conclusion

Answer 8

• Polygenic (environmental influcence) vs. monogenic obesity
• Obesity is associated with (mal)adaptations that prevent weight loss
• Focus should be on prevention
• Bariatric surgery works, but exact mechanisms unclear (also negative effects)
• Pharmacological treatments often have side effects; new generation might
  bring hope?
• Exercise & diet important for prevention, and for treatment
• Eat during the day!