DBS

Question 1

What is DBS

Answer 1

Treatment based on electricity
-Neurosurgical intervention
-Used for neurological and psychiatric disorders

Question 2

Stereotactic frame

Answer 2

-1947; spiegel and wycis invent stereotactic frame
-Used for lesions in combination with x-ray
-Before lesion: electric pulses

Question 3

Delgado’s bull

Answer 3

1965 - A bull was implanted with a stimoceiver and was tested to see if they could stop it from charging at somebody

Question 4

First patients to be treated

Answer 4

50s-70s = 100s of patients treated for the initiation of heterosexual behaviour in homosexuals

Question 5

Modern DBS

Answer 5

1987 - modern DBS for parkinsons
1999 - modern DBS for psychiatric disorders

Question 6

DBS for parkinsons

Answer 6

-Rest tremor
-Rigidity
-Akinesia
-Bradykinesia
-Psychiatric symptoms
-Cognitive disorders

Targeted in the subthalamic nucleus (STN)

Question 7

Side effects

Answer 7

Hypomania and cognitive disorders

Question 8

Psychiatry (OCD)

Answer 8

Obsessions, anxiety, compulsions, insight

Question 9

Major depressive disorder (MDD)

Answer 9

Depressed mood, loss of interest, appetite and libido.
Sleep disorders
Concentration problems

Brain target for OCD and MDD - mostly nucleus accumbens and surrounding internal capsule.

Question 10

Side effects for psychiatric

Answer 10

Hypomania or disinhibition

Question 11

Subthalamic Nucleus

Answer 11

GPi - Motor
SNr - oculomotor cognitive
Ventral pallidum - Behavioural emotional

Primary motor cortex - Hyperdirect pathway communication

Question 12

How DBS impacts the self

Answer 12

-Self- confidence, assertiveness, impulsivity
-Details of autobiographical memories
-Values, physical coherence etc. do not change