earthquake Flashcards
shaking of the surface of the earth
earthquake
frequent in the philippines because of Pacific ring of fire
earthquake
Effects of earthquake
Primary, secondary
permanent features an earthquake can bring out
primary
happen when ground movement results to other types of destruction
secondary effects
are measured at the epicenter
earthquake magnitude
the point on the earth’s surface directly above the hypocenter
epicenter
it measured on one of the scales based on work of charles richter
earthquake magnitude
Amount of loss and destruction depends upon factors
Duration of shaking, distance from the fault, local condition, population density, building quality
is measure of the level of ground shaking that correlates more directly with hazard impact than does magnitude
intensity
it is estimated on the modified mercalli scale which allocates a numerical value of observation of the temblor and the extent of physical damage
Earthquake intensity
Earthquake intensity is measured on this scale which allocated a numerical value of observation of the temblor
Modified mercalli scale
Is caused by the passage of seismic waves, forms of energy that travel through different layers of earth caused by vibration or movement
ground shaking
this occurs when ground movement happens on a fault line and breaks through the surface
ground rupture
follows preexisting faults known as zones of weakness
fault rupture
this occurs when seismic shaking causes loose materials in the soil to mix with the ground water or soil saturated with water
liquefaction
the soil behaves like a quicksand that has lost its strength to hold and support objects on the top of it
liquefaction
subsidence is the lowering of the land due to various causes, one of which is the earthquake on a fault line
earthquake induced ground subsidence
it is a japanese word that means “harbor wave”
tsunami
what is the meaning of tsunami
harbor wave
it is coined as harbor wave because of the destructive effects
tsunami
series of waves that are generated by a sudden displacement on the floor area
tsunami
landslide may happen during or after an earthquake when a weakened section of land falls off primarily due to gravity
earthquake induced landslide
is an instrument used to measure movements in earth’s surface
seismometer
can detect vibrations from seismic waves generated by earthquake and volcanic eruptions
seismometer
