earth's interior Flashcards

1
Q

when was a theory developed about earth’s landmasses and by who?

A

1912 / Alfred Wegner

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2
Q

what was the land formations millions of years ago?

A

attached together in one continental form

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3
Q

what was the continental form called?

A

Pangaea

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4
Q

what is the continental drift theory?

A

over time, the landmasses drifted apart to form the present day shape and location of the continents

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5
Q

what causes convection currents?

A

uneven temperatures in the earth

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6
Q

heat from the core is brought to the ________ via _________

A

asthenosphere / conduction

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7
Q

what happens to the heat after it is brought to the asthenosphere?

A

it enters a cycle of convection to heat the upper mantle

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8
Q

what does the cycle of heat provide?

A

energy to move the plates

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9
Q

what are the three types of plate movement?

A

divergent / convergent / transform

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10
Q

what is divergent movement?

A

two plates move apart from each other

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11
Q

what is convergent movement?

A

the plates push against each other

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12
Q

what is transform movement?

A

two plates slide past each other

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13
Q

what is the thickness of earth’s crust?

A

8-64 km

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14
Q

what is the feeling of earth’s crust?

A

cold / fragile

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15
Q

what is the earth’s crust made of?

A

granite / basal

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16
Q

what is earth’s outer core’s temperature?

A

3000-4000 degrees Celsius

17
Q

what is the thickness of earth’s outer core?

A

2000 km

18
Q

what is earth’s outer core made of?

A

liquid nickel / liquid iron

19
Q

what is the thickness of earth’s mantle?

A

1800 km

20
Q

what is the feeling of earth’s mantle?

A

hot / molten

21
Q

what is earth’s mantle made of?

A

magnesium / silicon

22
Q

what is earth’s inner core’s temperature?

A

5000-6000 degrees Celsius

23
Q

what is the thickness of earth’s inner core?

A

1400 km

24
Q

what is earth’s inner core made of?

A

solid nickel / solid iron

25
Q

what are the 8 layers of earth, from the inside out

A
solid iron core
liquid iron core
lower mantle
upper mantle
asthenosphere 
lithosphere
oceanic crust
continental crust
26
Q

what does Pangaea mean in greek?

A

all earth

27
Q

what is Pangaea Ultima?

A

a possible future continent configuration