Earth's changing surface

Question 0

Erosion-

Answer 0

the movement of rock particles by wind, water, ice, or gravity

Question 1

Weathering-

Answer 1

the process that breaks down rock and other substances

Question 2

mechanical weathering -

Answer 2

Type of weathering where rock is physically broken down into smaller pieces

Question 3

5 types of mechanical weathering -

Answer 3

freezing/thawing, heating/cooling, growth of plants, animal actions,abrasion

Question 4

ice wedging-

Answer 4

process that splits rock when water seeps into cracks then freezes and expands

Question 5

Chemical weathering-

Answer 5

the process that breaks down rock through chemical changes

Question 6

5 types of chemical weathering-

Answer 6

water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, living organisms, acid rain

Question 7

What are the most important factors that determine the rate at which weathering occurs?

Answer 7

Type of rock and climate

Question 8

Permeable-

Answer 8

Characteristics of a material that is full of tiny, connected air spaces that water can seep through

Question 9

Soil-

Answer 9

loose , weathered material on earth’s surface in which plants can grow

Question 10

How does soil form?

Answer 10

as rock is broken down by weathering and mixes with other materials on the surface

Question 11

Bedrock-

Answer 11

a solid layer of rock beneath the soil

Question 12

What is the mixture of things that are put together to make soil?

Answer 12

Rock particles, minerals, decayed organic material, air and water

Question 13

Humus-

Answer 13

a dark colored substance that forms as plant and animal remains decay

Question 14

The texture of soil depends on the____________?

Answer 14

Size of the particles

Question 15

Loam-

Answer 15

Soil that is made up of about equal parts of clay, sand, and silt

Question 16

Soil Horizons-

Answer 16

a layer of soil that differs in color and texture from the layers above it or below it.

Question 17

Abrasion

Answer 17

Refers to the grinding away of rock by rock particles carried by water, ice , wind, or gravity

Question 18

What do soil organisms do for the soil?

Answer 18

They make spaces in it for air and water. Some even make humus

Question 19

Litter

Answer 19

Loose leaves that form a loose layer

Question 20

Decomposers

Answer 20

Break the remains of dead organisms knot smaller pieces and digest them with chemicals

Question 21

Sod

Answer 21

The thick mass of tough roots at the surface of the soil

Question 22

Conservation

Answer 22

The management of soil to prevent its destruction

Question 23

What are two ways soil can be conserved

Answer 23

Contour and conservation plowing

Question 24

Contour plowing

Answer 24

Plowing a field along a slope

Question 25

Conservation plowing

Answer 25

Disturbs the soil and it’s plant cover as little as possible

Question 26

Root pry

Answer 26

Roots can grow and force the cracks of rock further apart

Question 27

Marble and limestone weather easily by….?

Answer 27

Carbonic acid

Question 28

Water dissolves ….?

Answer 28

Limestone

Question 29

Oxidation ?

Answer 29

Rusting

Question 30

Carbonic acid

Answer 30

Carbon dioxide that has been dissolved in rainwTer ans sinks through pockets in the soil

Question 31

Acid rain

Answer 31

Burning of fossil fuels added with compounds react chemically with water vapor in the clouds

Question 32

The more humid and hot it is the ______________ the rock weathers

Answer 32

Faster

Question 33

4 types of deco posers

Answer 33

Fungi, protests, bacteria, worms

Question 34

When did the dust bowl occur

Answer 34

The late 1800s

Question 35

The difference between the Great Plains and prairie is….

Answer 35

Rainfall decreases steadily from east to west across the Great Plains

Question 36

The 5 states the dust bowl occurred in

Answer 36

OK, KA, CO, NM, TX,