Ch.2

Question 0

Stress-

Answer 0

A force that acts on rock to change it’s shape and volume.

Question 1

Earthquake-

Answer 1

The shaking and trembling that results from the movement of rock beneath earths surface

Question 2

Convergent boundary =

Answer 2

Stress force. Fault. Movement
Compression. Reverse. Hanging

                                          Wall up

Question 3

Divergent=

Answer 3

Stress force. Fault. Movement

Tension. Normal. Hanging wall⬇️

Question 4

Transform=

Answer 4

Stress force. Fault. Movement

Shearing. Strike slip. No hanging wall

Question 5

Deformation

Answer 5

Change in the volume or shape of earths crust

Question 6

Focus

Answer 6

The point beneath the surface where the earthquake begins

Question 7

Epicenter-

Answer 7

The point directly above the focus on the surface

Question 8

Seismic waves-

Answer 8

The energy wave made by an earthquake through the crust

Question 9

Primary waves-

Answer 9

Fastest compression waves

Question 10

Secondary waves

Answer 10

Next wave you feel, side to side, longitude wave

Question 11

Surface wave-

Answer 11

-slowest wave; the combination of P&S waves, most destructive

Question 12

Shearing-

Answer 12

Stress that pushes a mass of rock on two opposite directions

Question 13

Tension-

Answer 13

Pulls on the crust, stretching rock so it becomes thinner in the middle

Question 14

Compression-

Answer 14

Squeezes rock until it folds or breaks

Question 15

De formation-

Answer 15

Any change in volume or shape of earths crust

Question 16

Where do faults normally occur?

Answer 16

Along plate boundaries, where the forces of plate motion compresses or pulls the crust so much it breaks

Question 17

Strike slip fault-

Answer 17

When rocks on either side I the fault slip past each other sideways with a little up or down motion

Question 18

Normal fault-

Answer 18

A fault at an angle so one block of rock lies above the fault while the other block lies below.

Question 19

Seismograph-

Answer 19

Instrument used to record ground movements cause by shock waves

Question 20

3 types of scales used to measure shock waves-

Answer 20

Mecalli scale- 12 step scale

Richter scale - based on how min damage is done

Moment magnitude scale- estimates total energy released, each step is 100x stronger

Question 21

Triangulation-

Answer 21

You have to Figure the distance from earthquakes and draw circles around seismic station that distance. Use 2 other station doing the same thing. Where the 3 circles meet is where the earthquakes occurred

Question 22

Liquid faction -

Answer 22

Seismic waves turn loose, soft soil into non-liquid mud

Question 23

After shocks

Answer 23

Occur after main shocks, usually smaller, hours or days later

Question 24

Tsunamis-

Answer 24

Large waves produced on ocean by seismic waves, small in the ocean and gore bigger as they reach the shore

Question 25

What did they do to new buildings to reduce earth quake damage-

Answer 25

They made them stronger or more flexible

Question 26

What is the 3 types of stress

Answer 26

Compression , shearing, tension

Question 27

The further apart the p and S waves are......

Answer 27

The farther away they are

Question 28

To take cover from an earthquake.....

Answer 28

Stop, drop and take cover

Question 29

What is it called to find the distance to the epicenter with a graph?

Answer 29

Interpolation

Question 30

Anticline

Answer 30

A fold in a rock that folds upward into an arch

Question 31

Syncline

Answer 31

Forms a bowl like a valley

Question 32

Platue

Answer 32

A large area of flat land elevated high above sea level