Ch 4-5

Question 0

Mohs scale of hardness-

Answer 0

Scale based from 1-10, 1 is the softest and 10 is the hardest

Question 1

Minieral-

Answer 1

Naturally occurring inorganic solid that has a crystal structure and definite chemical compostition

Question 2

What ‘s the softest mineral?

Answer 2

Talc

Question 3

What’s the hardest mineral?

Answer 3

diamond

Question 4

How do you find the hardness of a mineral?

Answer 4

By using the Moh’s scale

Question 5

What are the 6 properties of minerals?

Answer 5

Hardness, Color, Streak, Crystal shape, Luster, Density,

Question 6

Inorganic-

Answer 6

Not formed from living things or the remains of living things

Question 7

Crystal-

Answer 7

When the repeating pattern of a minerals particles forms a solid

Question 8

Each mineral has it’s own ___________ that can be used to identify it,

Answer 8

Special Properties

Question 9

Luster-

Answer 9

A term used to determine how a mineral reflects light from its surface

Question 10

Cleavage-

Answer 10

A mineral that splits easily along flat surfaces

Question 11

Fracture-

Answer 11

Describes how a mineral looks when it breaks apart in an irregular way

Question 12

What are the 3 ways rocks are classified?

Answer 12

Texture, Mineral Composition, Origin

Question 13

Texture-

Answer 13

The look and feel of the rocks surface

Question 14

Grains-

Answer 14

A particle of mineral or other rock that gives a rock it’s texture

Question 15

Mineral Composition-

Answer 15

What the rock is made of

Question 16

Extrusive rock-

Answer 16

Igneous rock formed from lava that erupted onto earths surface

Question 17

Intrusive rock-

Answer 17

Formed when magma hardened beneath Earth’s surface

Question 18

Lava-

Answer 18

Molten rock on the surface

Question 19

Magma-

Answer 19

Molten rock under the surface

Question 20

what are the 4 types of grain textures in rocks?

Answer 20

1. -Coarse grain-magma cools slowly and grains grow large
2. Fine grained- lava cools quickly, grains are small
3. Glassy- cools extremely fast, no grains
4. Porphorytic- has big and small grains; some grains form underground. then erupts and cools quickly

Question 21

What are the 4 types of textures that scientist use to classify rocks?

Answer 21

1. Grain shape
2. Grain size
3. Grain pattern
4. No grains

Question 22

Igneous rock-

Answer 22

Forms from the cooling of molten rock - either magma below or Lava above the earths surface

Question 23

Metamorphic rock-

Answer 23

Formed when an existing rock is changed by heat and pressure or chemical reactions

Question 24

Sedimentary-

Answer 24

Forms when particles of other rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented

Question 25

Porphyritic texture-

Answer 25

a rock with large crystals scattered on a background of much smaller crystals around the large ones

Question 26

What is sedimentary rock made of?

Answer 26

Sediments

Question 27

Clastic rock-

Answer 27

A sedimentary rock that forms when rock fragments that are squeezed together

Question 28

Conglomerate rock-

Answer 28

Rock made with other rocks inside it, these rocks are rounded

Question 29

Breccia-

Answer 29

Rock made with rigged rock inside it

Question 30

What are the names of all the clastic rocks

Answer 30

Shale, Sandstone, Conglomerate, Breccia

Question 31

what are the names of all the Organic rocks

Answer 31

Limestone and coal

Question 32

What are the names of chemical rocks

Answer 32

Limestone made with calcite and rock salt

Question 33

Hallite=

Answer 33

Rocksalt

Question 34

What causes pressure in Metamorphic rock?

Answer 34

Plate techtonics and layers of sediment piling up

Question 35

How do geologists classify metamorphic rocks?

Answer 35

By the arrangement of their grains

Question 36

What powers the rock cycle?

Answer 36

Plate techtonics

Question 37

Rock cycle-

Answer 37

a series of processes on Earths surface and inside the planet that slowly changes rocks from one kind to another

Question 38

How does plate tectonics power the rock cycle?

Answer 38

By pushing rocks together and pushing some back under, where they remelt