Early Elizabethan England

Question 1

What was Elizabeth’s religious settlement?

Answer 1

Aimed to establish a form of religion that would be acceptable for catholics and protestants

Question 2

When was Elizabeth’s religious settlement made?

Answer 2

1559

Question 3

What were the main features or Elizabeths settlement?

Answer 3

• The act of supremacy (Elizabth became head govenor of the church. All clergys had to swear an oath of allegiance to her
• En Ecclesiastical High commision were established to keep discipline with church. Disloyal clergy would be punnished
  -The book of common prayer was something clergy had to follow or they’d be punished
• The royal injunctions was a set of instructions which also reinforced the Act of Supremacy. It included instruction on how to worship God.

Question 4

What did the communion sacrement be referred to as?

Answer 4

The body and blood of Jesus. This would have appealed to catholics where Protestants view it as an act of rememberence

Question 5

What are things in the religious settlements catholics and protestents disgreed on?

Answer 5

Protestents would ban pilgramages to fake miracles while catholics would approve real miracles. Catholics also approved candles,crosses and vestments in church.

Question 6

What were the impacts of the religiois settlement?

Answer 6

8,000 clergy out of 10,000 accepted the religious settlement.
- Many marian bishops opposed the settlement had to be replaced
- The majority of ordinary people accepted the religious settlement and attended church services

Question 7

What was the Royal injunctions?

Answer 7

• Teach the royal supermacy
• Report those refusing to attend church and tell privy council who will cut wages
• Keep a copy of Bible in English
• Have a government license to preach
• Prevent fake miracles
• Wear special clothes (Vestements)

Question 8

What was poverty in Elizabethan period?

Answer 8

• Spending more than 80% of your wages on bread
• Being unemployed or ill so you could no longer provide for your family
• Being unable to afford the rising cost of food
• Needing financial help

Question 9

What types of people were poor?

Answer 9

• Widdows or Women abandoned by their husbands as woman got payed low
• The sick and the elderly
  -Orphaned chikdren (40% of poor were under 16)
• People on low wages
• Poor people who mived their parishes looking for work

Question 10

Reasons for poverty in England?

Answer 10

• Population growth (growed from 3 million in 1551 - 4.2 million in 1601. Increased the demand for food
• Increased demand for land (As population went up people needed land and rent went up so people couldn’t afford it as upfronts were payed in front)
• Sheep farming (growth of wool trade meant people prefered it over food)
• Enclosure (Land was divided for famers who farmed profit so this denied people who had families)
• Bad harvests (1562,173) famers ate what they grew and this drove prices

Question 11

When was the Babington Plot?

Answer 11

1586,

Question 12

What was the Babington Plot?

Answer 12

The duke of guise would murder Elizabeth and put Mary on the throne. Phillip 2 ans Pope supported this

Question 13

How did they find out about the Babington Plot?

Answer 13

Anthony Babington wrote letters to Mary in 1586 and Francis Walsingam intercepted and read Mary’s letters which showed she was guilty. Babington was sentenced to death with plotters. But Elizabeth stalled to kill mary but signed it in 1587

Question 14

Why was the Babington Plot so significant?

Answer 14

• 1585 Spain and England were at war
• Elizabths government was determined to crush the catholic threat
• In 1585 11,000 catholics were imprisoned and placed under house arrest. 31 presists excecuted
• The plot led to the excecution of Mary queen of scots ending the posibility of having a catholic heir

Question 15

When did elizabeth kill Mary?

Answer 15

February 1587

Question 16

Why was Mary excecuted?

Answer 16

• She had behind a series of plots to kill elizabth for example Thockmorton,Ridolfi and Babington
• walsingams spies have seen her involved with the plotters. And she was convicted for Act of Preservation
• The Pope made mary an alternative catholic monarch who could take the throne by foreign invasion.

Question 17

Why was the excecution of Mary Queen of Scots so significant?

Answer 17

• The excecution angered Spain and gave philip further reason to attack Englnd
• The excecution removed an important threat on Elizabeth
• Mary was a monarch so excecuting her set a dangerous precedent so the excecution made her heirs more vulnerable

Question 18

What was the vestement controversy?

Answer 18

• In 1560’s puritan presists refused to wear the suplice ( a white vestement used by catholics) Elizabeth tolareted this at first byt ordered the Archbishop of Canterbury to ensure all presists wore the surplice. Thos who refused to wore improsened and lost their jobs.

Question 19

How did The pope try overthrow Elizabeths religious settlement?

Answer 19

• The Pope had the power to expel her from the catholic church but neither France or Spain had military resources to invade England so Pope didn’t take any action

Question 20

Causes for spanish armada?

Answer 20

• Religious conflict (Queen Elizabeth was protestant and King Philip 2 was catholic
• Politics ( Spain and England were fighting for dominance in Europe and overseas)
• Rebellions (Spain was involved for overthrowing Elizabeth with Mary)

Question 21

What were the events leading to the Spanish Armada?

Answer 21

• Execution of Mary queen of Scots 1587 (Angered philip as Elizabeth signed a settlement)
• Raids (Francis Drake successfuly raided Spanish ships resulting in treasure weakening Spains ecenomic power)
• English Armada (English launched attacks on Spanish oorts disrupting Philips plans for invasion)