cold war 2 Flashcards
what occurred in 1958?
-3 million East Germans moved to West Germany
-refugee problem
what were the consequences of the refugee problem?
-an embarrassment for Soviet Union
-people openly choosing capitalism > communism
how did Khrushchev respond to refugee problem?
November
-Khrushchev demanded that Western troops removed from East Berlin
-Berlin should become a free city- he gave them 6 months and threatened to take over all transport routes
-this was the Berlin Ultinatum
what happened despite the Berlin Ultimatum that caused the Berlin Wall?
-August 1961
-on one day there was 40,000 refugees
-the relationship between USSR and USA was weak
describe the event of the Berlin Wall
-12th August 1961
-Khrushchev ordered the building of the Berlin Wall
-first it was a barbed wire fence as they built the concrete
—it was 165km around the city
-b y October 1961 it was built
what were the consequences of the Berlin Wall?
-130 people killed trying to cross the wall
-friends and families divided
-west berlin fire service helped east germans escap
what was geneva summit meeting?
spoke about berlin and nothing agreed
what was camp david september?
Eisenhower and Khrushchev got along, Khrushchev agreed for no more Berlin Ultimatum terms and it displayed y they had a better relationship
what was paris meeting?
Pairs May 1960 Soviets just shot down the US spy plane, Eisenhower refused to apologise, Khrushchev walked out of the summit
what was vienna june?
Vienna June 1961, JFK was president and Khrushchev did not trust him, Berlin Ultimatum terms back on, weakened relationship
describe JFK’s visit to Berlin in June 1963
-he was treated like a rockstar
-“Ich Bin Erin Berliner”
-gained a good reputation, said a wall was better than a war
What caused the Cuban Revolution?
1959- a group in Cuba brought down government who supported America
what was the cuban revolutions impact on the cold war
-any land owned by the US in Cuba was put back under Cuban Control
-Castro puts communists in government
-1960 Khrushchev and Castro agreed to trade Cuban sugar for economic aid
-Secret agreement that Cuba would receive USSR weapons
what were the consequences of the cuban revolution
-a communist government was now only 145 miles away from USA
-Eisenhower banned all trade and political relationships with Cuba in 1961
Describe the Bay of Pigs invasion.
-April 1961
-1400 ex cuban exiled invaded Bay Of Pigs
-aimed to remove Castro and communist government
Failed:
-had limited military knowledge
-USA couldn’t supoort
-Castro was prepared 20,000 Cuban Soldiers prior to the attack
what were the consequences of the Bay Of Pigs
-USA humiliated (Castro showed photos all over the world)
-looked like the US wanted to invade
-increased popularity of communism
-khrushchev gave Cuba more weapons
What caused the Cuban Missile Crisis?
-1961 US spy planes photograph launch pads in Cuba
-CIA told Kennedy that Soviet ship were sailing to Cuba with missiles