Early Civilizations

Question 1

What were the 4 river valley civilizations

Answer 1

1. Mesopotamia 2. Egypt 3. India 4. China

Question 2

Where were the 4 major river systems located?

Answer 2

1. Near east (Mesopotamia, Egyptish)
2. Africa (Egypt)
3. Asia (India and China)

Question 3

Mesopotamia Location

Answer 3

Southwest Asia

Tigris and Euphrates rivers

Question 4

Egypt Location

Answer 4

Northeastern Africa

Banks of the Nile River, Mediterranean, and red seas

Question 5

India Location

Answer 5

Southern Asia

Indus and Ganges Rivers, Arabian Sea

Question 6

China Location

Answer 6

East Asia

Yellow river

Question 7

Mesopotamia STEM

Answer 7

Astrology and astronomy

Question 8

Egypt STEM

Answer 8

Mathematics, engineering (the pyramids)

Question 9

India STEM

Answer 9

Metallurgy (gold copper bronze tin)

Measurement (weight time length mass)

Question 10

Mesopotamia LA

Answer 10

Writing (cuneiform), organized government, systemized religion (Zoroastrianism), written law code (Hammurabi’s code)

Question 11

Egypt LA

Answer 11

Complex religion of gods, rituals, and governance (pharaoh), writing (hieroglyphics)

Question 12

India LA

Answer 12

Urban culture, planned cities (citywide sanitation systems)

Question 13

China LA

Answer 13

Writing, commerce, government

Question 14

What allowed people to stop nomadic hunting and gathering

Answer 14

Domestication and cultivation of crops

Question 15

The near east compromises——

Answer 15

The Tigris and Euphrates, the Fertile Crescent, and the Nile valley

Question 16

Near east=first system of (gov)

Answer 16

Independent states

Question 17

Architecture of the near east

Answer 17

Pyramids, Ziggurat

Question 18

Nearest=1st codification —

Answer 18

Of law

Question 19

Who were the creators of Mesopotamian civilization?

Answer 19

Sumerians

Question 20

Mesopotamian civilization time frame

Answer 20

3500-3000bc

Question 21

Mesopotamia technology advances

Answer 21

1. Large scale irrigation projects

2. Invention of the wheel

Question 22

Ziggurat

Answer 22

Center of community life and served as a temple storehouse an treasury (Mesopotamia)

Question 23

Mesopotamia (1st empire established)

Answer 23

1. 2371 bc

2. Established by Sargon

Question 24

Babylonians conquered—–

Answer 24

Sumeria and established a new empire (2300-1750)

Question 25

First universal codification of laws

Answer 25

Hammurabi (Babylonians)

Question 26

The Hittities (dates)

Answer 26

2000-1200bc

Question 27

The Hittities conquered

Answer 27

Much of Asia Minor and northern Mesopotamia

Question 28

Hittities war tech contribution

Answer 28

Iron smelting

Question 29

The Assyrians created an empire based on-----

Answer 29

Military superiority, conquest, ad terrorism

Question 30

Assyrian (dates)

Answer 30

911-550bc

Question 31

Assyrian urbanization

Answer 31

Postal service, extensive library, system of highways

Question 32

Assyrian government

Answer 32

Centralized government

Question 33

The Chaldeans established-----

Answer 33

The New Babylonian Empire

Question 34

New Babylonian empire was under (date as well)

Answer 34

Nebuchadnezzar (605-538) | Chaldean

Question 35

Chaldeans conquered what 3 areas

Answer 35

1. Mesopotamia 2. Syria 3. Palestine

Question 36

Chaldean Science

Answer 36

Astronomy and astrology

Question 37

Chaldean GOV

Answer 37

Advanced government bureaucracy

Question 38

Persians attempted to----

Answer 38

Unify all the near east under one rule in 500s bc

Question 39

Persian GOV

Answer 39

Established an international government

Question 40

Persian religion

Answer 40

Zoroastrianism (ethical religion based on the concepts of good and evil)

Question 41

Persia failed to conquer----

Answer 41

The Greeks

Question 42

Who conquered Persia and when

Answer 42

Alexander the Great in 334-331 bc

Question 43

Alexander the Great

Answer 43

was a King (Basileus) of the Ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon and a member of the Argead dynasty, an ancient Greek royal house

Question 44

Phoenicians

Answer 44

Small civilization in the near east First explorers traders and colonizer a of the ancient world Reached their peak in 1000bc

Question 45

Phoenician Commerce

Answer 45

Dominated Mediterranean commerce, exported manufactures glass and purple dye (royal purple)

Question 46

First true alphabet invented by the----

Answer 46

Phoenicians

Question 47

Lydians occupied

Answer 47

Western Asia Minor in 500s bc

Question 48

King Croesus

Answer 48

Golden King, ruler when Lydians reached their peak

Question 49

Lydians economics

Answer 49

Responsible for the first coinage of money

Question 50

First lasting monotheism was established by the----

Answer 50

Israelites

Question 51

Saul

Answer 51

(Israelites) Established the first kingdom in Palestine (1030-1010)

Question 52

Death of Solomon (when and what followed)

Answer 52

* 922bc * hebrews were divided into two kingdoms - Israel - Judah

Question 53

Israelites disunity resulted in----

Answer 53

1. Destruction of Israel (722bc) | 2. Destruction of Judah (586bc)

Question 54

Israelites revolted against whom in 70ad

Answer 54

Rome

Question 55

Result of Israelites revolt against Rome

Answer 55

* Destruction of Jerusalem 70ad | * Forced dispersal of Jews from Palestine

Question 56

Forced dispersal of Jews from Palestine

Answer 56

*Jewish Diaspora ( 132-135ad)

Question 57

Egypt established a civilization where and when

Answer 57

Nile valley (3000bc)

Question 58

Egyptian life was dominated by----

Answer 58

Concerns for the afterlife, religion, and the pharaoh

Question 59

Egyptian writing

Answer 59

Hieroglyphics

Question 60

Egyptian economics

Answer 60

Commerce flourished throughout: 1. Arabia 2. India 3. Part of Africa

Question 61

Egyptian science

Answer 61

Medical I advancements and specialized surgery were biggest contributions

Question 62

Egyptian basis for sustained economy

Answer 62

Annual flooding of the Nile river