Early Childhood Flashcards
It is the body’s growth and change.
A Physical Change
B. Height and Weight
C. Growth Hormone Deficiency
D. Brain
A Physical Change
the average child grows 2½ inches in height and gains 5 to 10 pounds a year during early childhood.
A Physical Change
B. Height and Weight
C. Growth Hormone Deficiency
D. Brain
B. Height and Weight
The absence or deficiency of growth hormone produced by the pituitary gland to stimulate the body to grow.
A Physical Change
B. Height and Weight
C. Growth Hormone Deficiency
D. Brain
C. Growth Hormone Deficiency
One of the most important physical developments during early childhood.
A Physical Change
B. Height and Weight
C. Growth Hormone Deficiency
D. Brain
D. Brain
The preschool child no longer has to make an effort simply to stay upright and to move around.
A. Gross Motor Skills
B. Fine Motor Skills
C. Perceptual Development
A. Gross Motor Skills
At 3 years of age, although children have had the ability to pick up the tiniest objects between their thumb and forefinger for some time, they are still somewhat clumsy at it.
A. Gross Motor Skills
B. Fine Motor Skills
C. Perceptual Development
B. Fine Motor Skills
Changes in children’s perceptual development continue in childhood. Children become increasingly efficient at detecting boundaries between colors.
A. Gross Motor Skills
B. Fine Motor Skills
C. Perceptual Development
C. Perceptual Development
Another limitation of preoperational thought, is the belief that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities and are capable of action.
A. Animism
B. Intuitive Thought Substage
C. Zone of Proximal Development
D. Scaffolding
E. Attention
A. Animism
The second substage of preoperational thought, occurring between approximately 4 and 7 years of age. In this substage, children begin to use primitive reasoning and want to know the answers to all sort of questions.
A. Animism
B. Intuitive Thought Substage
C. Zone of Proximal Development
D. Scaffolding
E. Attention
B. Intuitive Thought Substage
Vygotsky’s term for the range of tasks that are too difficult for the child to master alone but can be learned with guidance and assistance.
A. Animism
B. Intuitive Thought Substage
C. Zone of Proximal Development
D. Scaffolding
E. Attention
C. Zone of Proximal Development
Refers to the temporary support that adults or other competent peers offer when a person is learning a new skill or trying to accomplish a task.
A. Animism
B. Intuitive Thought Substage
C. Zone of Proximal Development
D. Scaffolding
E. Attention
D. Scaffolding
is defined as the focusing of mental resources on select information
A. Animism
B. Intuitive Thought Substage
C. Zone of Proximal Development
D. Scaffolding
E. Attention
E. Attention
Involves action planning, allocating attention to goals, error detection and compensation monitoring progress on tasks, and dealing with novel or difficult circumstances.
A. Executive Attention
B. Sustained Attention
C. Memory
D. Short-term memory
E. Executive Function
A. Executive Attention
Is focused and extended engagement with an object, task, event, or other aspect of the environment.
A. Executive Attention
B. Sustained Attention
C. Memory
D. Short-term memory
E. Executive Function
B. Sustained Attention
the retention of information over time, is a central process in children’s cognitive development.
A. Executive Attention
B. Sustained Attention
C. Memory
D. Short-term memory
E. Executive Function
C. Memory
individuals retain information for up to 30 seconds if there is no rehearsal of the information.
A. Executive Attention
B. Sustained Attention
C. Memory
D. Short-term memory
E. Executive Function
D. Short-term memory
is an umbrella like concept that consist of a number of higher-level cognitive process linked to the development of the brain’s prefrontal cortex.
A. Executive Attention
B. Sustained Attention
C. Memory
D. Short-term memory
E. Executive Function
E. Executive Function
Refers to the awareness of one’s own mental processes and the mental processes of others.
A. Theory of the Mind
B. Perception
C. Emotions
D. Desires
A. Theory of the Mind
by 2 years of age, a child recognizes that another person will see what’s in front of her own eyes instead of what’s in front of the child’s eyes.
A. Theory of the Mind
B. Perception
C. Emotions
D. Desires
B. Perception
the child can distinguish between positive and negative emotions.
A. Theory of the Mind
B. Perception
C. Emotions
D. Desires
C.Emotions
all humans have some sort of desires.
A. Theory of the Mind
B. Perception
C. Emotions
D. Desires
D. Desires
Emphasizes the education of the whole child and concern for his or her physical, cognitive, and socioemotional development.
A. Children-centered Kindergarten
B. Montessori Approach
C. Developmentally Appropriate Practice
A. Children-centered Kindergarten
is a philosophy education in which children are given considerable freedom and spontaneity in choosing activities.
A. Children-centered Kindergarten
B. Montessori Approach
C. Developmentally Appropriate Practice
B. Montessori Approach
is based on knowledge of the typical development of children within an age span.
A. Children-centered Kindergarten
B. Montessori Approach
C. Developmentally Appropriate Practice
C. Developmentally Appropriate Practice
is when they begin to discover what kind of person they will become. They identify intensely with their parents, who most of the time appear to them to be powerful and beautiful, although unreasonable, disagreeable, and sometimes even dangerous.
A. Initiative Versus Guilt
B. Self-understanding
C. Expressing Emotions
D. Understanding Emotions
A. Initiative Versus Guilt
is the presentation of self, the substance and content of self-conceptions.
A. Initiative Versus Guilt
B. Self-understanding
C. Expressing Emotions
D. Understanding Emotions
B. Self-understanding
recall that even young infants experience emotions such as joy, and fear, but your experience self-conscious emotions children must be able to refer themselves and be aware of themselves as distinct from others.
A. Initiative Versus Guilt
B. Self-understanding
C. Expressing Emotions
D. Understanding Emotions
C. Expressing Emotions
one of the most important advances in emotional development in early childhood is an increased understanding of emotion.
A. Initiative Versus Guilt
B. Self-understanding
C. Expressing Emotions
D. Understanding Emotions
D. Understanding Emotions
A concept that if a rule is broken, punishment will be meted out immediately.
A Immanent Justice
B. Regulating Emotions
C. Moral Development
D. Moral Feelings
A Immanent Justice
Emotion regulation is an important aspect of development. Emotion regulation especially plays a key role in children’s ability to manage the demands and conflicts they face in interacting with others.
A Immanent Justice
B. Regulating Emotions
C. Moral Development
D. Moral Feelings
B. Regulating Emotions
Involves thoughts, feelings, and behaviors regarding the rules and conventions about what people should do in their interactions with other people.
A Immanent Justice
B. Regulating Emotions
C. Moral Development
D. Moral Feelings
C. Moral Development
feelings of anxiety and guilt are central to the account of moral development.
A Immanent Justice
B. Regulating Emotions
C. Moral Development
D. Moral Feelings
D. Moral Feelings
children display heteronomous morality, the first stage of moral development in Piaget’s theory. Children think of justice and rules as unchangeable properties of the world, removed from the control of people.
A. Moral Reasoning
B. Moral Behavior
C. Conscience
A. Moral Reasoning
the behavioral and social cognitive approaches initially described early in this edition focus on moral behavior rather than moral reasoning.
A. Moral Reasoning
B. Moral Behavior
C. Conscience
B. Moral Behavior
Refers to an internal regulation of standards of right and wrong that involves an interaction of all three components of moral development such as moral thought, feeling and behavior.
A. Moral Reasoning
B. Moral Behavior
C. Conscience
C. Conscience
refers to the characteristics of people as males and females.
A. Gender
B. Gender Identity
C. Gender Roles
D. Gender Typing
A. Gender
involves a sense of one’s own gender, including knowledge, understanding, and acceptance of being male and female.
A. Gender
B. Gender Identity
C. Gender Roles
D. Gender Typing
B. Gender Identity
are sets of expectations that prescribe how females or males should think, act, and feel.
A. Gender
B. Gender Identity
C. Gender Roles
D. Gender Typing
C. Gender Roles