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Developmental Psychology Preliminary Exam > Early Adulthood > Flashcards

Early Adulthood Flashcards

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1
Q

especially in love and work. Emerging adulthood is the time during which key changes in identity take place for many individuals
A. Identity Exploration
B. Identity Exploration
C. Self-Focused-Emerging Adults
D. Feeling In-Between

A

A. Identity Exploration

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2
Q

especially in love and work. Emerging adulthood is the time during which key changes in identity take place for many individuals
A. Identity Exploration
B. Identity Exploration
C. Self-Focused-Emerging Adults
D. Feeling In-Between

A

B. Identity Exploration

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3
Q

“are self-focused in the sense that they have little in the way of social obligations, little in the way of duties and commitments to others, which leaves them with a great deal of autonomy in running their own lives.”
A. Identity Exploration
B. Identity Exploration
C. Self-Focused-Emerging Adults
D. Feeling In-Between

A

C. Self-Focused-Emerging Adults

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4
Q

Many emerging adults don’t consider themselves adolescents or full-fledged adults.
A. Identity Exploration
B. Identity Exploration
C. Self-Focused-Emerging Adults
D. Feeling In-Between

A

D. Feeling In-Between

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5
Q

The age of possibilities, a time when individuals have an opportunity to transform their lives. He describes two ways in which emerging adulthood is the age of possibilities
Statement 1: many emerging adults are optimistic about their future
Statement 2: for emerging adults who have experienced difficult times while growing up, emerging adulthood presents an opportunity to direct their lives in a more positive direction

A. Both Statement 1 & 2
B. Neither Statement 1 or 2
C. Statement 1 Only
D. Statement 2 Only

A

A. Both Statement 1 & 2

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6
Q

the process of assuming new responsibilities and duties
A. Role Transition
B. Rites Of Passage

A

A. Role Transition

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7
Q

rituals marking initiation into adulthood, often among the most important ones in a culture
A. Role Transition
B. Rites Of Passage

A

B. Rites Of Passage

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8
Q

is a serious and pervasive health problem for many individuals
A. Obesity
B. Leptin
C. Set Point

A

A. Obesity

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9
Q

(from the Greek word leptos, which means “thin”) is a protein that is involved in satiety (the condition of being full to satisfaction) and released by fat cells, resulting in decreased food intake and increased energy expenditure.
A. Obesity
B. Leptin
C. Set Point

A

B. Leptin

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10
Q

The amount of stored fat in your body is an important factor, the weight you maintain when you make no effort to gain or lose weight.
A. Obesity
B. Leptin
C. Set Point

A

C. Set Point

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11
Q

a form of thought that is qualitatively different from Piaget’s formal operational thought.
A. Post-formal Thought
B. Thinking
C. Pre-formal Thought

A

A. Post-formal Thought

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12
Q

It also involves understanding that the correct answer to a problem can require reflective thinking, that the correct answer can vary from one situation to another, and that the search for truth is often an ongoing, never-ending process.
A. Post-formal Thought
B. Thinking
C. Pre-formal Thought

A

A. Post-formal Thought

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13
Q

It also involves the belief that solutions to problems need to be realistic and that emotion and subjective factors can influence thinking
A. Post-formal Thought
B. Thinking
C. Pre-formal Thought

A

A. Post-formal Thought

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14
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Creativity peaks in adulthood, often in the forties, and then declines. However, there is extensive individual variation in lifetime creative output.

A

TRUE

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15
Q

the highest level of information-processing of which a person is capable
A. Optimal Level of Development
B. Skill Acquisition
C. Stereotype
D. Implicit Stereotyping
E. Implicit Stereotyping

A

A. Optimal Level of Development

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16
Q

the gradual and haphazard process by which people learn new abilities
A. Optimal Level of Development
B. Skill Acquisition
C. Stereotype
D. Implicit Stereotyping
E. Implicit Stereotyping

A

B. Skill Acquisition

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17
Q

a social belief representing organized prior knowledge about a group of people that affects how we interpret new informationA. Optimal Level of Development
B. Skill Acquisition
C. Stereotype
D. Implicit Stereotyping
E. Implicit Stereotyping

A

C. Stereotype

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18
Q

activation of strong stereotypes that is nonconscious, increasing the likelihood of their influencing behaviorA. Optimal Level of Development
B. Skill Acquisition
C. Stereotype
D. Implicit Stereotyping
E. Implicit Stereotyping

A

D. Implicit Stereotyping

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19
Q

an evoked fear of being judged in accordance with a negative stereotype about a group to which you belongA. Optimal Level of Development
B. Skill Acquisition
C. Stereotype
D. Implicit Stereotyping
E. Implicit Stereotyping

A

E. Implicit Stereotyping

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20
Q

Intimacy Versus Isolation is the ___ stage in Erikson’s theory and the major psychosocial task for young adults.
A. Sixth Stage
B. Fifth Stage
C. Fourth Stage

A

A. SIXTH STAGE

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21
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Erikson believed that he or she is ready to create a shared identity with another—the key ingredient for intimacy. Without a clear sense of identity, he argued, young adults would be afraid of committing to a long-term relationship or might become overly dependent on the partner for his or her identity.

A

TRUE

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22
Q

third level of reasoning in Kohlberg’s theory, in which morality is based on a personal moral code. People base their moral reasoning on a social contract.
A. Stage 5. Postconventional Level
B. Social Contract
C. Stage 6. Postconventional Level
D. Universal Ethical Principles

A

A. Stage 5. Postconventional Level

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23
Q

Adults agree that members of social groups adhere to a social contract because a common set of expectations and laws benefits all group members. However, if these expectations and laws no longer promote the welfare of individuals, they become invalid
A. Stage 5. Postconventional Level
B. Social Contract
C. Stage 6. Postconventional Level
D. Universal Ethical Principles

A

A. Stage 5. Postconventional Level

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24
Q

characteristic of Kohlberg’s Stage 5, in which moral reasoning is based on the belief that laws are for the good of all members of society
A. Stage 5. Postconventional Level
B. Social Contract
C. Stage 6. Postconventional Level
D. Universal Ethical Principles

A

B. Social Contract

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25
Q

universal ethical principles dominate moral reasoning. Abstract principles such as justice, compassion, and equality form the basis of a personal code that may sometimes conflict with society’s expectations and laws.
A. Stage 5. Postconventional Level
B. Social Contract
C. Stage 6. Postconventional Level
D. Universal Ethical Principles

A

C. Stage 6. Postconventional Level

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26
Q

characteristic of Kohlberg’s Stage 6, in which moral reasoning is based on moral principles that apply to all
A. Stage 5. Postconventional Level
B. Social Contract
C. Stage 6. Postconventional Level
D. Universal Ethical Principles

A

D. Universal Ethical Principles

27
Q

is a necessary condition for a close relationship to develop. Our friends and lovers are much more like us than unlike us.
A. Familiarity And Similarity
B. Consensual Validation
C. Matching Hypothesis

A

A. Familiarity And Similarity

28
Q

An explanation of why individuals are attracted to people who are similar to them. Our own attitudes and behavior are supported and validated when someone else’s attitudes and behavior are similar to our own.
A. Familiarity And Similarity
B. Consensual Validation
C. Matching Hypothesis

A

B. Consensual Validation

29
Q

An explanation of why individuals are attracted to people who are similar to them. Our own attitudes and behavior are supported and validated when someone else’s attitudes and behavior are similar to our own.
A. Familiarity And Similarity
B. Consensual Validation
C. Matching Hypothesis

A

C. Matching Hypothesis

30
Q

TRUE OR FALSE:
Is “Friendship” part of Faces of Love?

A

TRUE

31
Q

self-disclosure and the sharing of private thoughts are hallmarks of intimacy.
A. Intimacy
B. Romantic Love
C. Affectionate Love

A

A. Intimacy

32
Q

Also called passionate love, or eros, romantic love has strong sexual and infatuation components and often predominates in the early period of a love relationship.
A. Intimacy
B. Romantic Love
C. Affectionate Love

A

B. Romantic Love

33
Q

in this type of love, also called companionate love, an individual desires to have the other person near and has a deep, caring affection for the other person.
A. Intimacy
B. Romantic Love
C. Affectionate Love

A

C. Affectionate Love

34
Q

couples share all three dimensions—passion, intimacy, and commitment.
A. Consummate Love
B. Infatuated
C. Fatuous Love

A

A. Consummate Love

35
Q

with intimacy and commitment low or absent
A. Consummate Love
B. Infatuated
C. Fatuous Love

A

B. Infatuated

36
Q

when one person worships another from a distance.
A. Consummate Love
B. Infatuated
C. Fatuous Love

A

C. Fatuous Love

37
Q

refers to living together in a sexual relationship without being married
A. Cohabitation
B. Live-In
C. Living Together

A

A. Cohabitation

38
Q

In which scenario of JOHN GOTTMAN- WILL MARRIAGE WORK? is this statement:
Individuals in successful marriages have personal insights and detailed maps of each other’s life and world.
A. Establish love maps
B. Nurture fondness and admiration
C. Let your partner influence you

A

A. Establish love maps

39
Q

In which scenario of JOHN GOTTMAN- WILL MARRIAGE WORK? is this statement:
In successful marriages, partners sing each other’s praises.
A. Establish love maps
B. Nurture fondness and admiration
C. Let your partner influence you

A

B. Nurture fondness and admiration

40
Q

In which scenario of JOHN GOTTMAN- WILL MARRIAGE WORK? is this statement:
Bad marriages often involve one spouse who is unwilling to share power with the other.
A. Establish love maps
B. Nurture fondness and admiration
C. Let your partner influence you

A

C. Let your partner influence you

41
Q

Types of problems occur in marriage (1) perpetual and (2) solvable.
A. Both 1 & 2
B. Neither 1 or 2
C. 1 only
D. 2 only

A

A. Both 1 & 2

42
Q

In which scenario of JOHN GOTTMAN- WILL MARRIAGE WORK? is this statement:
One partner wants the other to attend church; the other is an atheist.
A. Solve solvable conflicts
B. Overcome gridlock
C. Create shared meaning

A

B. Overcome gridlock

43
Q

In which scenario of JOHN GOTTMAN- WILL MARRIAGE WORK? is this statement:
The more partners can speak candidly and respectfully with each other, the more likely it is that they will create shared meaning in their marriage
A. Solve solvable conflicts
B. Overcome gridlock
C. Create shared meaning

A

C. Create shared meaning

44
Q

DEALING WITH DIVORCE:
grew more competent, well-adjusted, and self-fulfilled following their divorce.
A. The Enhancers
B. The Good-Enough
C. The Seekers

A

A. The Enhancers

45
Q

DEALING WITH DIVORCE:
average in coping.
A. The Enhancers
B. The Good-Enough
C. The Seekers

A

B. The Good-Enough

46
Q

DEALING WITH DIVORCE:
These individuals were motivated to find new mates as soon as possible
A. The Enhancers
B. The Good-Enough
C. The Seekers

A

C. The Seekers

47
Q

DEALING WITH DIVORCE:
People in this category often spent more time in singles bars and had more casual sex than their counterparts in the other divorce categories.
A. The Libertines
B. The Competent Loners
C. The Defeated

A

A. The Libertines

48
Q

DEALING WITH DIVORCE:
These individuals, which made up only about 10 percent of the divorced group, were “well-adjusted, self-sufficient, and socially skilled.
A. The Libertines
B. The Competent Loners
C. The Defeated

A

B. The Competent Loners

49
Q

DEALING WITH DIVORCE:
Some of these individuals had problems before their divorce, and these problems increased after the breakup
A. The Libertines
B. The Competent Loners
C. The Defeated

A

C. The Defeated

50
Q

a unified sense of the past, present, and future based on personal experience and input from other people
A. Life-Span Construct
B. Scenario
C. Social Clock
D. Life Story
E. Possible Selves

A

A. Life-Span Construct

51
Q

manifestation of the life-span construct through expectations about the future
A. Life-Span Construct
B. Scenario
C. Social Clock
D. Life Story
E. Possible Selves

A

B. Scenario

52
Q

tagging future events with a particular time or age by which they are to be completed
A. Life-Span Construct
B. Scenario
C. Social Clock
D. Life Story
E. Possible Selves

A

C. Social Clock

53
Q

a personal narrative that organizes past events into a coherent sequence
A. Life-Span Construct
B. Scenario
C. Social Clock
D. Life Story
E. Possible Selves

A

D. Life Story

54
Q

representations of what we could become, what we would like to become, and what we are afraid of becoming
A. Life-Span Construct
B. Scenario
C. Social Clock
D. Life Story
E. Possible Selves

A

E. Possible Selves

55
Q

degree of congruence between people’s occupational behavior and what is expected of them at different ages
A. Vocational Maturity
B. Gender Discrimination
C. Glass Ceiling

A

A. Vocational Maturity

56
Q

denying a job to someone solely on the basis of whether the person is a man or a woman
A. Vocational Maturity
B. Gender Discrimination
C. Glass Ceiling

A

B. Gender Discrimination

57
Q

the level to which women may rise in an organization but beyond which they may not go
A. Vocational Maturity
B. Gender Discrimination
C. Glass Ceiling

A

C. Glass Ceiling

58
Q

Which of the following are part of Super’s Adulthood Tasks: (Crystallization & Specification Is on Adolescence)?
1. Implementation
2. Stabilization
3. Consolidation

A. 1 & 2 only
B. 1 & 3 only
C. 2 & 3 only
D. All 3

A

D. All 3

59
Q

task begins in the early 20s, when people take a series of temporary jobs to learn firsthand about work roles and to try out some possible career choices
A. Implementation
B. Stabilization
C. Consolidation

A

A. Implementation

60
Q

task begins in the mid-20s with selecting a specific occupation during young adulthood. It continues until the mid-30s as the person confirms the occupational choice that was made
A. Implementation
B. Stabilization
C. Consolidation

A

B. Stabilization

61
Q

task begins in the mid-30s and continues throughout the rest of the person’s working life as people advance up the career ladder
A. Implementation
B. Stabilization
C. Consolidation

A

C. Consolidation

62
Q

equalizing pay across occupations that are determined to be equivalent in importance but differ in the gender distribution of the people doing the jobs
A. Pay Equity
B. Age Discrimination
C. Career Plateauing

A

A. Pay Equity

63
Q

denying a job or promotion to someone solely on the basis of age
A. Pay Equity
B. Age Discrimination
C. Career Plateauing

A

B. Age Discrimination

64
Q

when promotional advancement is either not possible or not desired by the worker
A. Pay Equity
B. Age Discrimination
C. Career Plateauing

A

C. Career Plateauing

Developmental Psychology Preliminary Exam (14 decks)

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