Ear disease 1 Flashcards
Define Otitis externa
inflammation of the outer ear
define otitis media
inflammation of the middle ear
define otitis interna
inflammation of the inner ear
List 2 differentials for pruritic pinnal margins
scarcoptic mange
neotrombicular autumnalis
List 4 factors causing microbial overgrowth (in ear)
Humidity
Inflammation (and swelling)
Reduced epithelial migration
Epithelial surface changes
List the 2 organisms which tend to overgrow in the ear
Staphylococcus pseudintermedius
Malassezia pachydermatis
List the 5 things we need to consider when treating otitis
primary disease
seconday disease
predisposing factors
perpetuating factors
Pain
List 3 parasites that sre primary causes of otitis
otodectes cynotis- most common
Demodex spp.
Sarcoptes Scabies
Decsribe how to treat otodectes cyanotis
Selamectin or moxidectin spot-on
may need cleaner +/- steroids
Describe hypersensitivity otitis
OE is a VERY common complication of atopic dermatitis and food allergy
List 5 presenting signs of otitis externa
Aural / otic pruritus or headshaking
Mild to marked exudate
Malodour
Head tilt
Deafness
List 3 possible consequences of otitis media
conductive deafness
Horner’s syndrome/ facial paralysis
vestibular syndrome (otitis interna)
List 3 ways to investigate otitis media
otoscopy
sampling
imaging
Describe how to treat otitis media with an intact ear drum
myringotomy and flush until clean
topical antibiotics and systemic pain releif
cleaning 2-3 times a day with saline or an appropriate cleaner
what is myringotomy
is a procedure to create a hole in the ear drum to allow fluid that is trapped in the middle ear to drain out.
List the clinical signs of otitis interna
Head tilt to the affected side
Spontaneous or rotatory nystagmus
Asymmetric limb ataxia with preservation of strength
Falling
Vomiting and/or anorexia
Describe ototoxic neurological signs
No in ear treatment is considered otosafe – always risk- no licensed for middle ear
Profound hearing loss and vestibular signs may be seen
what aspect of the animal does the bone in the ear face towards
the rostral aspect
List 3 non-pruritic diseases of the pinnal margins
vasculitis
pinnal margin seborrhoea
squamous cell carcinoma
List 5 pruritic diseases of the pinnal surface
atopic dermatitis
food allergy
pemphigus foliaceus
fleas
contact irritant dermatitis
Name a pruritic disease of the pinnal body
aural haematoma
List 3 non-pruritic diseases of the pinnal surface
pemphigus foliaceus
alopecia from HAC or hyperthyroidism
contact irritant dermatitis
Name a non-pruritic disease of the pinnal body
auricular chondritis
What is the main commensal bacteria in dogs ears
gram +ve cocci predominate
