Claws and claw folds Flashcards
Define Paronychia
inflammation of claw fold and claw-bed
Define Onychodystrophy
abnormal claw growth
Define onychomadesis
sloughing of claws
Define Onychomalacia
softening of claws
Define Onychogryposis
hypertrophy and abnormal curvature of claws
List 5 possible differentials of claw/ claw fold lesions - that are only 1 foot, no other skin lesions
Trauma
demodicosis
Dermatophytosis
Bacterial infection- secondary to trauma
Neoplasia
List 6 differentials for claw/ claw fold lesions on multiple feet, with no other skin lesions
demodicosis
lupoid onychitis
autoimmune disease- PF in cats
bacterial infection - secondary
Neoplasia
Hookworm dermatitis
List 9 differentials for claw/ claw fold lesions- on 1 or more feet with skin lesions at other sites
Bacterial infection- secondary to widespread condition e.g. allergies, endocrine
Malassezia infection- secondary
demodicosis
dermatophytosis
atopic dermatitis
autoimmune
vasculitis
leishmaniasis
hookworm dermatitis
How to treat broken nail
sedation
if loose- grasp with forceps and swiftly remove
Top differential for a painful claw that has lifted from claw bed with purulent exudate in greyhound
lupoid onychitits
how to diagnose lupoid onychitis
Clinical signs
definitive= biopsy
Treatment of lupoid onychitis
oral essential fatty acids- can be used on own or with
tetracycline/oxytetracyline/doxycycline
Name the 2 most important neoplasias that affect the claw
squamous cell carcinoma- most common in dog
Melanoma
which dogs are squamous cell carcinomas more common in
large black dogs
How to treat squamous cell carcinoma of clawfold
amputation of digit at MCP joint
How to treat melanoma of claw
amputation of digit at MCP joint
where do pedal/digital melanomas metastised to
LNs or Lungs
stage before excision
where do you cut a dogs nail
3-4 mm distal to the visible vasculature of the nail
who can amputate dew claws in the dog
anyone over age of 18, without anaesthesia if done before eyes open (<5 days old)- after this needs to be vet with anaesthesia
How does the dew claw of the FL and HL differ
FL dew claws are often fully formed and functioning whereas HL has less musculature and bone
What breeds are likely to have double hind dew claws?
Pyrenean Mountain Dogs
Briards
