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Neuroanatomy Rewind Unit I > Ear > Flashcards

Ear Flashcards

1
Q

The _____ of the ear overlies the external auditory canal

A

tragus

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2
Q

The _______ of the ear is the skin posterior to the opening of the ear which is flush with the opening

A

concha

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3
Q

The ____ of the ear is the most superior and distal portion of the ear

A

helix

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4
Q

Cauliflower ear is initially caused by bleeding between the ______ and the ________

A

perichondrium, auricular cartilage

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5
Q

The blood supply to the external ear are the _____ and the ____ artery

A

superficial temporal artery, posterior auricular artery

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6
Q

Veinous drainage of the external ear is via the _______ to the _______, and the ________ to the ________

A

superficial temporal vein, retromandibular vein, posterior auricular vein, external jugular vein

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7
Q

lymph drainage from the lateral superior half of the external ear is to the _______ nodes which drain to the ______ nodes

A

superficial parotid nodes, superficial cervical nodes

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8
Q

Lymph drainage from the medial superior half of the external ear is to the _____ nodes which drain to the ______ nodes

A

mastoid nodes, deep cervical nodes

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9
Q

Lymph flow from the inferior half of the external ear drains directly to the _______ nodes

A

superficial cervical nodes

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10
Q

Somatic afferent innervation of the superior half of the anterior ear is innervated by the ______ nerve which is a branch of ___

A

auriculotemporal nerve, CN V3

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11
Q

SA innervation to the superior portion of the posterior external ear is provided by the ______ nerve which is a branch of ____

A

lesser occipital nerve, C2 (cervical plexus)

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12
Q

SA innervation to the most inferior 1/3 of the ear (including the anti-tragus) is provided by the ______ nerve which is a branch of _____

A

great auricular nerve, C2-C3 (cervical plexus)

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13
Q

A patient has nausea and a cough and reports that he injured his ear recently. What is likely the cause of his symptoms?

A

vagal scattered innervation of the external auditory meatus means that pain of the meatus can refer as nausea and cough

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14
Q

The lateral external acoustic meatus is made of ______, and the medial 2/3 is made of _____

A

elastic cartilage, bone

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15
Q

The epithelium that lines the external acoustic meatus has hair, sebaceous glands, ceruminous glands, but no ________

A

sweat glands

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16
Q

The _____ of the external acoustic meatus is the transition from elastic cartilage to bone

A

isthmus

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17
Q

In children the auricle should be pulled ________ during otoscopy

A

inferoposteriorly

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18
Q

The tympanic membrane is attached to the ____ bone

A

malleus

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19
Q

The ______ is the most superior surface of the tympanic membrane and its most anterior portion is called the ________ fold

A

pars flaccida, posterior mallear fold

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20
Q

The 3 parts of the malleus as seen through the tympanic membrane from the base to the tip are the:

A

lateral process, handle, umbo

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21
Q

The anterior and posterior surfaces of the tympanic membrane on either side of the umbo are called the ______

A

pars tensa

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22
Q

SA innervation to the external surface of the tympanic membrane is provided by the _____ nerve which is a branch of ____ and projects to ____

A

auriculotemporal nerve, V3, CN X

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23
Q

SA innervation to the internal surface of the tympanic membrane is provided by the _____ nerve

A

glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)

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24
Q

External auditory meatus is derived from _____ and the middle ear is derived from ______

A

cleft 1, pouch 1

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25
Q

Normal orientation of the cone of light is ______

A

anteroinferior

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26
Q

The middle ear is located in the _______ and is lined with ____

A

petrous portion of temporal bone, mucosa

27
Q

The pharyngotympanic tube is lined with ______

A

respiratory epithelium

28
Q

The mastoid antrum is the posterosuperior space of the middle ear and opens into ______

A

mastoid air cells

29
Q

The anterior part of the pharyngotympanic tube is made of ____ and is called the ____ wall.
The posterior part is made of ______ and is called the ____

A

bone, carotid wall, cartilage, torus

30
Q

The tensor veli palatini acts on the ______

A

pharyngotympanic tube

31
Q

The malleus is an _____ derivative, the incus is an ______ derivative, and the stapes is an _____ derivative

A

arch 1, arch 1, arch 2

32
Q

The ______ crosses between the malleus and incus

A

chorda tympani

33
Q

The _____ has its footplate in the oval window

A

stapes

34
Q

The malleus, incus, and stapes are joined by _____ joints

A

synovial joints

35
Q

______ is the condition where the stapes footplate fuses to the oval window and is a form of ______ deafness

A

otosclerosis, conductive

36
Q

The superior wall of the middle ear is called the _____ and is directly inferior to the _______

A

tegmental wall (with tympanic recess), middle cranial fossa

37
Q

The floor of the middle ear is called the _____ and is directly adjacent to the ______

A

jugular wall, superior bulb of jugular vein

38
Q

The anterior wall of the middle ear is called the _____ and is adjacent to the _____.
It also contains the _____ and the ________

A

carotid wall, internal carotid artery, auditory tube, canal for tensor tympani muscle

39
Q

The lateral wall of the middle ear is called the ______ and contains the _____, ______ (bone), and the ______.

A

membranous, tympanic membrane, malleus, chorda tympani

40
Q

The medial wall of the middle ear is called the ______.

It is identified by the ______ which is covered by the _______ of ____.

A

labrynthine wall, promontory (bulge), tympanic plexus, CN IX

41
Q

The round and oval windows are located on the ______

A

medial (labrynthine) wall of the middle ear

42
Q

The _______ is found in the superior portion of the posterior (mastoid) wall of the middle ear, as well as the ______ and ________

A

mastoid antrum, facial canal (for CN VII), pyramidal eminence (stapedius muscle)

43
Q

The posterior wall of the middle ear is called the ______

A

mastoid wall

44
Q

The 3 muscles of the middle ear are:

A

tensor veli palatini, tensor tympani, stapedius

45
Q

The tensor tympani attaches from the ______ to the ______ and gets SE innervation from _____.
Its action is to ________

A

cartilage of auditory tube, handle of malleus, CN V3, dampen amplitude of motion of tympanic membrane

46
Q

The _____ muscle is the smallest skeletal muscle

A

stapedius

47
Q

The stapedius muscle attaches from the ______ to the ______ and gets SE innervation from ______.
Its action is to _________

A

pyramidal eminence of temporal bone, stapes, CN VII, reduce motion of stapes at oval window

48
Q

______ (nerve) exits the jugular foramen before giving off tympanic branch which becomes the tympanic plexus on the promontory

A

CN IX

49
Q

The tympanic branch of CN IX becomes the ______ on the _____ of the middle ear

A

tympanic plexus, promontory

50
Q

The ______ is SA innervation for the middle ear, auditory tube, and nasopharynx

A

tympanic plexus

51
Q

Preganglionic parasympathetic fibers exit the tympanic plexus as the ______ nerve which will synapse on the ____ ganglion and go to the ________

A

lesser petrosal nerve, otic ganglion, parotid gland

52
Q

The CN VII enters the petrous temporal bone through the ________ to synapse on the ______ ganglion to provide _________ and _______________

A

internal acoustic meatus, geniculate ganglion, VA of anterior 2/3 tongue, SA of external acoustic meatus & deep concha

53
Q

After synapsing in the geniculate ganglion, ______ gives off the nerve to stapedius and chorda tympani

A

CN VII

54
Q

The CN VII exits the _______ after giving off the nerve to stapedius and chorda tympani

A

stylomastoid foramen

55
Q

The _____ courses medial to the malleus

A

chorda tympani

56
Q

The chorda tympani exits the skull via the ___________ and joins the lingual nerve (branch of V3) in the infratemporal fossa

A

petrotympanic fissure

57
Q

The ______ joins the lingual nerve in the infratemporal fossa

A

chorda tympani

58
Q

The ______ carries VA fibers for taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue as well as preganglionic parasympathetic fibers for the submandibular ganglion

A

chorda tympani

59
Q

The preganglionic parasympathetics from chorda tympani carry ____ innervation to ______________

A

VE, submandibular salivary gland, sublingual salivary gland

60
Q

The central nervous system is formed from the ______

A

neural tube

61
Q

The PNS is formed from the ______

A

neural crest

62
Q

The ________ which is located in mesoderm induces the ectoderm to differentiate into neuroectoderm, neural plate, neural groove, and then the neural tube

A

notochord

63
Q

The ______ arises from ectoderm near neural tube and forms PNS and skeletal components of the anterior skull

A

neural crest

Neuroanatomy Rewind Unit I (8 decks)

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