EAQ: Renal, Urinary & Reproductive System Flashcards
Which substance is released in response to low serum levels of calcium?
Renin
Erythropoietin
Parathyroid hormone
Atrial natriuretic peptide
Parathyroid hormone
Which condition would be indicated by the presence of ketones in the urine of a client?
Cystitis
Heart failure
Urinary calculi
Fat metabolism
Fat metabolism
The body of a client who is ingesting fewer calories than are needed for maintenance produces ketones from fat metabolism as an alternate source of fuel for muscles and organs. Increased red blood cells in the urine indicate cystitis. Increased specific gravity of the urine indicates heart failure. The presence of casts in the urine indicates urinary calculi.
In which component of the nephron does furosemide decrease fluid reabsorption? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
Glomerulus
Loop of Henle
Distal tubules
Proximal tubules
Bowman capsule (BC)
Loop of Henle
Distal tubules
Proximal tubules
Which structure is included in the external genitalia of the male anatomy? Select all that apply. One, some, or all responses may be correct.
Penis
Testes
Scrotum
Urethra
Seminal vesicles
Penis
Scrotum
Which finding in a urinalysis indicates a urinary tract infection?
Crystals
Bilirubin
Ketones
Leukoesterase
Leukoesterase
Leukoesterases are released by white blood cells in response to an infection or inflammation. The presence of this chemical in urine indicates a urinary tract infection. The presence of crystals in the urine indicates that the specimen had been allowed to stand. Presence of bilirubin in the urine indicates anorexia nervosa, diabetic ketoacidosis, and prolonged fasting. The presence of ketones indicates diabetic ketoacidosis.
Which successful therapy outcome would the nurse expect in a client diagnosed with invasive cancer of the bladder who has brachytherapy scheduled?
Decrease in urine output
Increase in pulse strength
Shrinkage of the tumor when scanned
Increase in the quantity of white blood cells (WBCs)
Shrinkage of the tumor when scanned
The __________ holds the testes by forming a protective sac.
scrotum
Which hormone is crucial in maintaining the implanted ovum at its site?
Inhibin
Estrogen
Progesterone
Testosterone
Progesterone
Progesterone is necessary to maintain an implanted egg. Inhibin regulates the release of follicle-stimulating hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Estrogen plays a vital role in the development and maintenance of secondary sexual characteristics. Testosterone is important for bone strength and development of muscle mass.
Which term would the nurse document in the client’s medical record after observing reduced urinary output?
Anuria
Dysuria
Oliguria
Nocturia
Oliguria
Which statement describes erythropoietin?
Erythropoietin is released by the pancreas.
An erythropoietin deficiency causes diabetes.
An erythropoietin deficiency is associated with renal failure.
Erythropoietin is released only when there is adequate blood flow.
An erythropoietin deficiency is associated with renal failure.
Erythropoietin is produced by the kidneys; its deficiency occurs in renal failure. Erythropoietin is released by the kidneys, not the pancreas. Erythropoietin deficiency causes anemia. Erythropoietin is secreted in response to hypoxia, which results in decreased oxygenated blood flow to the tissues.
Which term is used to indicate an absence of menstruation?
Gonorrhea
Amenorrhea
Dysmenorrhea
Ectopic pregnancy
Amenorrhea
Which term is used for the tip of a pyramid in the kidney?
Calyx
Papilla
Renal pelvis
Renal column
Papilla
Which part of the kidney senses changes in blood pressure?
Calices
Glomerulus
Macula densa
Juxtaglomerular cells
Macula densa
Which structure of the penis would the nurse tell the parents is removed when educating new parents about circumcision?
Glans
Prepuce
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Prepuce
Which part of the female reproductive system produces testosterone?
Uterus
Ovary
Fallopian tube
Ovarian follicle
Ovary
Which test provides information on bladder capacity, bladder pressure, and voiding reflexes?
Radiography
Renal arteriography
Electromyography (EMG)
Cystometrography (CMG)
Cystometrography (CMG)
Which procedure involves the examination of the ureters and the renal pelvises?
Cystogram
Pyelogram
Urethrogram
Voiding cystourethrogram
Pyelogram
Which term refers to the Cowper gland?
Skene gland
Prostate gland
Bartholin gland
Bulbourethral gland
Bulbourethral gland
Which factor would the nurse explain as a reason why women are at a greater risk than men for contracting a urinary tract infection?
Altered urinary pH levels
Hormonal secretions
Juxtaposition of the bladder
Proximity of the urethra and anus
Proximity of the urethra and anus
Which part of the nephron secretes creatinine for elimination?
Glomerulus
Loop of Henle
Collecting duct
Proximal tubule
Proximal tubule
Which glands help in lubricating the female urinary meatus?
Skene glands
Prostate glands
Cowper glands
Bartholin glands
Skene glands
Which structure is removed during circumcision?
Glans
Prepuce
Epididymis
Vas deferens
Prepuce
How long will a client’s ovum stay viable for fertilization after its release?
72 hours
84 hours
96 hours
112 hours
72 hours
An ovum can be fertilized up to 72 hours after its release. The ovum disintegrates after 72 hours, and menstruation begins soon after. The ovum cannot be viable for 84, 96, or 112 hours, and fertilization will not occur.
Which prescribed diagnostic test would the nurse expect to confirm a tentative urinary tract infection diagnosis in a client recovering from deep, partial-thickness burns who develops chills, fever, flank pain, and malaise?
Cystoscopy and bilirubin level
Specific gravity and pH of the urine
Urinalysis and urine culture and sensitivity
Creatinine clearance and albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio
Urinalysis and urine culture and sensitivity
Which response would the nurse use after receiving instructions regarding dressing changes and care of a recently inserted nephrostomy tube when the client states “I hope I can handle all this at home; it’s a lot to remember”?
“I’m sure you can do it.”
“Oh, a family member can do it for you.”
“You seem to be nervous about going home.”
“Perhaps you can stay in the hospital another day.”
“You seem to be nervous about going home.”
Which client statement indicates understanding of content taught about removing his or her three-way indwelling catheter and continuous bladder irrigation (CBI)?
“I probably will have diluted urine.”
“I probably will be unable to urinate.”
“I probably will produce dark red urine.”
“I probably will experience some burning on urination.”
“I probably will experience some burning on urination.”