EAQ #4 Flashcards
When a client injures the amphiarthrodial joint, which joint did the client injure?
Knee joint
Pelvic joint
Elbow joint
Cranial joint
Pelvic joint
Amphiarthrodial joints are those that permit slight movements. The pelvic joint is an example of amphiarthrodial joint. Knee and elbow joints are the examples of diarthrodial joints, which are freely movable. A cranial joint is an example of a synarthrodial joint, which is immovable.
Amphiarthrodial joints are those that permit slight _____________.
movements
ex) Pelvic
When teaching a client about their disease process, which term would the nurse use to describe bone loss greater than normal but less than that caused by osteoporosis?
Osteopenia
Osteomyelitis
Osteomalacia
Osteoarthritis
Osteopenia
When developing the plan of care for a client with rheumatoid arthritis, which client consideration would the nurse include?
Surgery
Comfort
Education
Motivation
Comfort
Because pain is an all-encompassing and often demoralizing experience, the nurse would want to keep the client as pain-free as possible. Surgery corrects deformities and facilitates movement, which is not an immediate need. Concentration and motivation are difficult when a client is in severe pain.
Which condition is characterized by infection of a client’s bone or bone marrow?
Osteomalacia
Osteomyelitis
Herniated disc
Spinal stenosis
Osteomyelitis
Osteomyelitis is _________ of bone or bone marrow.
infection
Osteomalacia is a condition characterized by ____________ of bones due to calcium or vitamin D deficiency.
softening
Spinal stenosis is ___________ of the spinal canal.
narrowing
Which synovial joint movement is described as turning the sole away from the midline of the body?
Pronation
Eversion
Adduction
Supination
Eversion
Which joint is an example of a condyloid?
Wrist
Elbow
Shoulder
Sacroiliac
Wrist
The wrist joint is an example of a condyloid joint. It is a joint between the radial and carpals. The elbow joint is an example of a hinge joint. The shoulder joint is an example of a ball and socket joint. The sacroiliac joint is an example of a gliding joint.
Which structure protects a client’s internal organs, supports blood cell production, and stores minerals?
Joints
Bones
Muscles
Cartilages
Bones
Bones are the framework of the body; they support and protect internal organs. They also help in stem cell production from bone marrow, and they store minerals. Joints (articulations) help articulate the bones. Muscles are the bundles of fibrous tissue that contract to produce movement and maintain body posture. Cartilage is a hyaline, elastic, and fibrous tissue that often functions as a shock absorber.
Which joint helps in the gliding movement of the wrist?
Pivot joint
Hinge joint
Biaxial joint
Ball and socket joint
Biaxial joint
The biaxial joint helps in the gliding movement of the wrist. Pivot joints permit rotation in the radioulnar area. Hinge joints allow for flexion and extension. Ball and socket joints permit movement in the shoulders and hips.
Which hormone aids in regulating intestinal calcium and phosphorous absorption?
Insulin
Thyroxine
Glucocorticoids
Parathyroid hormone
Glucocorticoids
Adrenal glucocorticoids aid in regulating intestinal calcium and phosphorous absorption by increasing or decreasing protein metabolism. Insulin acts together with growth hormone to build and maintain healthy bone tissue. Thyroxine increases the rate of protein synthesis in all types of tissues. Parathyroid hormone secretion increases in response to decreased serum calcium concentration and stimulates the bones to promote osteoclastic activity.
Which type of joint permits movement in any direction?
Pivot
Hinge
Biaxial
Ball-and-socket
Ball-and-socket
Ball-and-socket joints permit movement in any direction. Pivot joints permit rotation. Hinge joints allow motion in one plane. Biaxial joints permit gliding movement.
Ball-and-socket joints permit movement in _______ direction.
Pivot joints permit rotation. Hinge joints allow motion in one plane. Biaxial joints permit gliding movement.
any
While providing care for a client with a second-degree left ankle sprain, the nurse raises the injured part above heart level. Which statement describes the rationale behind this nursing action?
To promote bone density
To prevent further edema
To reduce pain perception
To increase muscle strength
To prevent further edema
Which nursing intervention prevents footdrop in a client with osteomyelitis?
Elevating the foot with the use of pillows
Consistently flexing the affected extremity
Encouraging the client to change positions
Neutral positioning of the foot with the use of a splint
Neutral positioning of the foot with the use of a splint
A student athlete reports muscle pain after a practice session. Which product of muscle metabolism would the nurse explain as being a cause of pain?
Lactic acid
Acetoacetic acid
Hydrochloric acid
Beta-hydroxybutyric acid
Lactic acid
The ache in muscles that have been vigorously worked without adequate oxygen supply is caused in part by the buildup of lactic acid. During rest, the lactic acid is oxidized completely to carbon dioxide and water, providing adenosine triphosphate for further muscular contraction. Beta-hydroxybutyric acid and acetoacetic acid are not products of muscle contraction; they are ketone bodies resulting from incomplete oxidation of fatty acids. Hydrochloric acid is not a product of muscle contraction; it is present in the stomach to facilitate the digestive process.
Which diagnostic study is used to detect deep vein thrombosis in the client’s lower extremities?
Thermography
Plethysmography
Duplex venous Doppler
Somatosensory evoked potential
Duplex venous Doppler
Which treatment is beneficial for a client with muscle spasm?
Thermotherapy
Muscle massage
Frequent position changes
Muscle-strengthening exercise regimen
Thermotherapy
Thermotherapy, the use of heat therapy, eases pain and muscle contraction; therefore, it is useful in treating muscle spasms. Muscle massage stimulates muscle tissue contraction and may worsen a muscle spasm. Frequent position changes are beneficial for a client with contracture. A muscle-strengthening exercise regimen is beneficial for a client with muscle atrophy.
Several minutes after the start of a red blood cell infusion, the client reports itching. The nurse observes hives on the client’s chest. Which action would the nurse take?
Administer an antihistamine.
Flush the red blood cells with 5% dextrose.
Slow the rate of infusion.
Stop the transfusion.
Stop the transfusion.
The nurse is preparing to initiate antibiotic therapy for a client who developed an incisional infection. Which task would the nurse ensure has been completed before starting the first dose of intravenous antibiotics?
Red blood cell count
Wound culture
Knee x-ray
Urinalysis
Wound culture
Which joint is an example of a gliding joint?
Thumb
Elbow
Shoulder
Sacroiliac
Sacroiliac
The sacroiliac joint connects the sacrum with the pelvis. It is a type of gliding joint, because one surface of the bone moves over another surface. The thumb joint is an example of a condyloid joint. The elbow joint is a synovial hinge joint. The shoulder joint is an example of a ball-and-socket joint.
Which type of cast or splint would the nurse expect to see on a child with a fractured femur?
Cylinder
Hip spica
Prefabricated knee
Robert Jones
Hip spica
For which purpose is a goniometer used?
To assess range of motion
To reduce phantom limb sensation
To prevent hip flexion contractures
To immobilize a joint during fracture
To assess range of motion
Which term describes synovial joint movement away from the midline of the body?
Inversion
Extension
Pronation
Abduction
Abduction
