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Principles I* > E4- Regional Neuroanatomy : Lower > Flashcards

E4- Regional Neuroanatomy : Lower Flashcards

1
Q

What provides motor and sensory innervation for the pelvis and lower limbs?

A
  • Lumbosacral plexus
  • Lumbar plexus (superior)
  • Sacral plexus (inferior)
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2
Q

What spinal nerves contribute to the lumbosacral plexus?

A
  • Spinal Nerves L1 to S4.
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3
Q

What spinal nerves contribute to the lumbar plexus?

A
  • Spinal Nerves L1 to L4

**sometimes connecting point from T12 - not significant

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4
Q

What spinal nerves contribute to the sacral plexus?

A
  • Spinal Nerves L4 to S4.
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5
Q

What are the 6 nerves + their levels that make up the lumbar plexus?
Mneumonic?

A
  • Iliohypogastric nerve = L1
  • Ilioinguinal nerve = L1
  • Genitofemoral nerve = L1-L2
  • Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh = L2-L3
  • Obturator nerve = L2-L4
  • Femoral nerve = L2-L4

I, I Get Laid On Fridays

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6
Q

What is the largest diameter nerve in the lumbar plexus?

A
  • Femoral nerve
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7
Q

What are the 3 superior pelvic nerves?

A
  • Iliohypogastric nerve
  • Ilioinguinal nerve
  • Genitofemoral nerve
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8
Q

What muscle do the 3 superior pelvic nerves originate from?

A
  • Psoas major muscle
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9
Q

The Iliolhypogastric nerve will provide sensory innervation to what parts of the body? 2 Branches?

A
  • Small part of the lateral pelvis/hip = lateral cutaneous branch
  • Anterior portion of the reproductive system = anterior cutaneous branch
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10
Q

What muscles will have motor innervation through the iliohypogastric nerve?

A
  • Transverse abdominis = breathing under labor/stress
  • Internal abdominis muscles
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11
Q

The Ilioinguinal nerve will provide sensory innervation to what parts of the body? 2 branches?

A
  • Inferior branch = Medial upper quadricep muscle
  • Right above reproductive organs
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12
Q

What muscles will have motor innervation through the ilioinguinal nerve?

A
  • Internal oblique muscle
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13
Q

The genitofemoral nerve branches off into what two nerves? Sensory?

A
  • Femoral branch - upper middle thigh
  • Genital branch - reproductive organs
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14
Q

What muscles in men will have motor innervation through the genitofemoral nerve?

A
  • Cremaster muscle/ Reflex
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15
Q

What ligament is attached to the pubic tubercle?

A
  • Inguinal Ligament
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16
Q

What are two attachment points for the inguinal ligament?

A
  • Anterior Superior Iliac Spine (ASIS)
  • Pubic Tubercle
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17
Q

A horizontal line across the iliac crest will indicate what landmark on the spine?

A
  • The border of L4 and L5
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18
Q

What are the muscles that inferior border the femoral triangle?
Superior border?

A
  • Iliopsoas
  • Sartorius
  • Pectineus
  • Adductor Longus

Inguinal ligament

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19
Q

Describe the position of the femoral nerve, femoral artery, and femoral vein in the femoral triangle.

A
  • Femoral Nerve: Lateral
  • Femoral Artery: Middle
  • Femoral Vein: Medial

NAV = mneumonic

These structures are about 1 cm apart from each other.

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20
Q

What wraps around the femoral nerve, artery, and vein?

A
  • Femoral sheath
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21
Q

What does femoral nerve branch into?

A
  • many branches = motor for upper leg sk muscles
  • saphenous nerve - entire sensory lower leg
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22
Q

What nerve is responsible for the sensory innervation of the lower leg?

A
  • Saphenous Nerve

Saphenous Nerve is branched off the femoral nerve

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23
Q

The adductor canal is between what two muscles?

A
  • Anterior and medial thigh muscles
  • The adductor canal is also inferior to the femoral triangle.
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24
Q

What are the three muscles that surround the adductor canal?

A
  • Sartorius Muscle
  • Adductor Longus
  • Vastus Medialis
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25
What does the adductor canal provide a pathway for?
* Pathway for the saphenous nerve to pass through.
26
What is sensory and motor for lateral cutaneous nerve (LCA)?
* sensory information to the lateral anterior thigh * NO MOTOR | passes under inguinal ligament
27
What foramen does the obturator nerve pass through?
* Obturator Foramen at the base of the pelvis
28
The obturator nerve serves primarily as a **motor** neuron. What muscles does the obturator nerve innervate?
* Obturator externus * Adductor longus * Adductor brevis * Gracilis * Pectineus * Adductor magnus
29
Where would the obturator nerve provide sensory innervation?
* There is a small cutaneous branch on the medial thigh just above the knee.
30
What ligament will the femoral nerve sit right under?
* Inguinal Ligament
31
The femoral nerve will innervate what four muscles in the leg?
* Iliopsoas * Pectineus * Sartorius * Quadricep femoris | Runs under inguinal ligamenet bw pelvis
32
What are the sensory branches of the femoral nerve?
* Anterior cutaneous branch of the femoral nerve = medial thigh * Saphenous nerve = medial lower thigh
33
What are the 7 nerves of the Sacral Plexus + their levels?
* Superior Gluteal n. = L4-S1 * Infeiror Gluteal n. = L5-S2 * Posterior Cutaneous n. = S1-S3 * Sciatic n. * Common fibular n. = L4-S2 * Tibial n. = L4-S3 * Pudendal n. = S2-S4
34
What are the primary motor nerves of the sacral plexus?
* Superior gluteal nerve = L4-S1 * Inferior gluteal nerve = L5-S2
35
What are the three gluteal muscles?
* Gluteus Maximus * Gluteus Minimus * Gluteus Medius
36
What muscles does the superior gluteal nerve innervate?
* Gluteus Medius * Gluteus Minimus * Tensor Fasciae Latae
37
What muscles does the inferior gluteal nerve innervate?
* Gluteus Maximus
38
What four main nerves provide sensory innervation to the gluteal region?
* Superior Clunial Nerve * Middle Clunial Nerve * Inferior Clunial Nerve * Lateral Branch of Iliohypogastric Nerve
39
The superior clunial nerve is formed by what spinal nerves?
* Posterior Rami of L1 to L3
40
The middle clunial nerve is formed by what spinal nerves?
* Posterior Rami of S1 to S3
41
The inferior clunial nerve arises from what nerve?
* Posterior femoral cutaneous (branch of the sacral plexus)
42
The sciatic nerve is a combo of what two nerves?
* Tibial Nerve = L4 to S3 * Common Fibular Nerve = L4 to S2
43
The sciatic nerve is formed from what spinal nerve?
* Spinal Nerve L4 to S3
44
What is another term for the common fibular nerve?
* Peroneal Nerve
45
What is the largest nerve in the body in terms of diameter?
* Sciatic Nerve
46
Label 1
* Sciatic nerve
47
Label 2
* Common fibular nerve (peroneal nerve)
48
Label 3
* Deep fibular nerve
49
Label 4
* Superficial fibular nerve
50
Label 5
* Superficial fibular nerve
51
The common fibular nerve splits into what 3 divisions?
* Lateral Sural Cutaneous Nerve * Superficial Fibular Nerve * Deep Fibular Nerve
52
Where does the Lateral Sural Cutaneous nerve provide sensory innervation?
* Lateral side of the calf
53
Where does the Superficial Fibular Nerve provide sensory innervation? 2 branches?
* Top of the foot
54
What are the two branches of the superficial fibular nerve?
* Medial dorsal cutaneous nerve * Intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve
55
Where does the Deep Fibular Nerve provide sensory innervation?
* Between the Big Toe and 2nd Toe
56
What are the branches of the Deep Fibular Nerve?
* Lateral cutaneous nerve of the big toe * Medial cutaneous nerve of the 2nd toe
57
Label 1, 2, and 3
* 1: Sciatic Nerve * 2: Tibial Nerve (travels medially) * 3: Common Fibular Nerve (travels laterally)
58
Is the tibial nerve medial or lateral ?
* medial = tibial n. * lateral = fibular n.
59
What are the 3 branches of the Tibial nerve?
* large, direct cutaneous brances of TIBIAL NERVE * Medial Plantar nerve * Lateral Plantar nerve
60
What are the four direct cutaneous branches of the tibial nerve?
* Medial Sural Cutaneous Branch = back part of leg * Medial Calcaneal Branch * Lateral Calcaneal Branch * Lateral Dorsal Cutaneous Branch
61
The tibial nerve will branch off to what two nerves at the foot? Sensory area?
* Medial Plantar Nerve = medial bottom of foot * Lateral Plantar Nerve = lateral bottom of foot
62
List the spinal nerve origins of the following: -Superior gluteal nerve -Inferior gluteal nerve -Posterior cutaneous nerve of thigh -Common fibular nerve -Tibial nerve - Pudendal nerve
63
Name the function of the pudendal nerve. Why is it important?
* Sensory innervation to the pelvis * Rectum and colon motility * Reproductive organ function - esp men close to prostate during bph surgery!
64
Where does the posterior cutaneous nerve of the thigh provide sensory innervation?
* Hamstring * Lower Gluteal Region * This nerve is also the starting point of the inferior clunial nerve

Principles I* (20 decks)

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