E2 Sleep Disorders Flashcards
Exam 2
What are the two types of Sleep-Wake Disorders?
Dyssomnia and Parasomnia
Difficulties getting enough sleep, problems with sleeping when you want
Dyssomnias
What are the three dyssomnias?
- Insomnia
- Circadian Rhythm
- Narcolepsy
Abnormal sleep events/activity during sleeping
Parasomnia
What is sleep onset lacency?
The time it takes to fall asleep
What is a normal sleep onset lancency?
less than 30 minutes
What is wake time after sleep onset?
The time it takes to fall back asleep after waking in the middle of the night
What is a normal wake time after sleep onset?
Less than 30 mins
What is the sleep efficiency formula?
Time sleeping/Time in bed X 100
Problems initiating/maintaining sleep, while possibly having early morning awakenings
Insomnia
What is secondary insomnia? Does it still exist?
Insomnia that is better explained by a different condition
NO
Is it difficult to determine is insomnia is primary or secondary ?
Yes; often intertwined with other illnesses
What are the 3 Ps in triple P model?
- Predisposition
- Precipitate
- Perpetuate
What is predisposition in the triple P model?
Diathesis (biological determinant)
What is Precipitate in the triple P model?
Mind racing; inability to control one’s thoughts in the evening
What is Perpetuate in the triple P model?
Sleep hygiene/sleep model
What is compensation for insomnia?
Participating in behaviors like smoking weed or napping to aid sleeping
What is conditioned bedtime arousal?
Time spent around the bedroom doing tasks shifts the brain from thinking the bed=sleepy to bed=work
What is perpetuating insomnia?
Unrealistic sleep expectations lead to anxiety which leads to poor sleep (leading to insomnia)
What disorder is a mismatch between a person’s endogenous sleep-wake schedule and that required by social or professional schedule
Circadian Rythm Disorder
What is melatonin?
A hormone that is produced to evoke sleep behavior
What time is peak melatonin? Is it released in light or dark conditions ?
2-4 AM
Dark
What CRD is late bedtime and late rise times?
Delayed sleep phase syndrome
What is a cure for delayed sleep phase?
Evening melatonin supplement or early light exposure
Delayed sleep phase is most common in ?
Adolescence
What CRD is characterized by Early bedtimes and Early rise times?
Advanced sleep phase syndrome
What is a cure for advanced sleep phase syndrome?
Evening light
How many sleep cycles are there? How long do they each last?
4-5
90 minutes
What are the different stages of sleep (stage 1 is ________)
Stage 1 is light sleep
Stage 2 is slightly deeper sleep
Stage 3 is deep sleep
What is REM sleep?
Rapid Eye movement
Sleep most commonly associated with dreams
What is an irrepressible need to sleep ?
Narcolepsy
What is a sudden loss of muscle tone that is associated with Narcolepsy?
Cataplexy
Cataplexy is usually triggered by
Strong emotions (Fear or sadness response)
what is hypocretin Orexin?
A drug commonly related to sleep wakefulness
Do Narco patients have a hypocretin (orexin) deficiency or surplus?
Deficiency (issues waking up fully)
Do Narco patients hit REM sooner or later than the average person?
Sooner
What is Hypnagogic or hypnopompic hallucinations?
Vivid sensory experiences while falling asleep (dreams experienced as reality)
When falling asleep, you suddenly jolt awake thinking you actually just fell from a bridge. This is called a
Hypnopompic hallucination
What is a brief, often frightening period after waking up when unable to move or speak
Sleep paralysis
What does Polysomnography determine?
Sleep habits
True or False:
Benzadiopienze is useful as a long term remedy for insomnia
False; short term solution
True or False:
Benzadiopienze can cause rebound insomnia if overused
True
True or False:
Psychological Treatments, like relaxation therapy, does not help insomnia patients
False, they help greatly
What stage of sleep do nightmares happen?
REM
