E2 Order Actinomycetales Flashcards
What are the 3 important families in this order Actinomycetales?
- Actinomycetaceae
- Mycobacteriaceae
- Nocardiaceae
What is the gram stain of the order Actinomycetales?
Gram-positive
What is unique about the appearance of the order Actinomycetales?
Long branching filamentous rods
Sometimes beaded
(mycelia)
What are some culture characteristics of the family actinomycetaceae?
- Microaerophilic
- NOT-acid fast
- Formation of sulfur granules (rosetts)
What are sulfur granules composed of?
- Bacterial filaments
2. Calcium phosphate from the host
What are some characteristics of actinomycetaceae family infections?
- Chronic
- Soft & hard tissues
- Often with foreign bodies
What species has actinomyces bacteria as normal flora? Where?
Dog
Oropharynx & digestive tract
What are the clinical signs when a dog has an overgrowth of actinomyces bacteria?
Soft tissue swellings with sulfur granules
head & neck
What are some clinical presentations of actinomyces infections in cats (3)? Which one is most common?
- Bite wound abscess
- Pyothorax = most common
- Peritonitis
How can an actinomyces infection lead to pyothorax?
Deep chest wound
What type of antibiotics work well against actinomyces?
Penicillins
Is actinomyces normal flora in cattle? If so where?
Yes
Oral cavity
But can be opportunistic invaders of deep tissues
What is the name for the disease caused by actinomyces in cattle?
Lumpy Jaw
What is actinomyces infection associated with in cattle?
Foreign bodies
What two diseases does actinomyces cause in horses?
- Fistulous withers
2. Poll evil
What two diseases can actinomyces cause in swine although rare?
- Suppurative mastitis
2. Cystitis in older sows