Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CMBM test 2 > E production/utilization > Flashcards

E production/utilization Flashcards

1
Q

anaerobic fate of pyruvate?

A

no TCA to burn up NADH. so recycle to NAD+

electrons are waste product

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

aerobic fate of pyruvate?

A

electron are source Energy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what do you mean by energy?

A

high energy bonds of nucleotide triphosphates
ATP–> AMP + PP
pp IS HIGH NRG bond

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

many of the intermediates can be synthesized by other enzymes and fed into the TCA cycle to refill** it? what is it called?

A

anapleurotic reaction of TCA cycle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

anapleurotic reaction: Acetyl Coa –>?

A

fatty acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

anapleurotic reaction: alpha ketoglutarate –>

A

glutamate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

anapleurotic reaction: succinyl coa–?

A

gama aminolevulinate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

anapleurotic reaction: fumarate/OAA –>

A

aspartate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

arsenic positions are inhibition of what?

A

DH
pyruvate DH, succinate DH, as well as other DH
both aerobic + anaerobic are impacted

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

potential energy from TCA?

A

GTP, NADH, FADH2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what will be fed into electron transport chain?

A

NADH and FADH2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

NAD?

A

Nicotine adenine dinucleotide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

FAD

A

flavin adenine dinucleotide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

thiol group that is used to carry acetate (in TCA) and can carry many other longer chains of carbon

A

coenzyme A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Where TCA occur?

A

mitochondrial matrix

except succinate DH ( inner membrane) –> complex2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

where ETC?

A

inner membrane

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are found in intermembrane space?

A

cytochrome c, water-soluble protein

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Oxidative phosphorylation occur where?

A

matrix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

relative ability to give or accept electrons

A

reduction potential

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

more negave, means it will ___electrons

A

give up

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

more positive, means it will ____ electron

A

accept

22
Q

acutal reduction potential is number measured?

A

relative to normal hydrogen electrode (NHE)

23
Q

Mid point potential is voltage at?

A

redox active group is 50% oxidized and 50% reduced

24
Q

more negative midpoint potential can give ___ to anything with more ____

A

electron to more positive potential

even if they are both positive(or negative), it’s a relative scale

25
Q

how many complexes in ETC?

A
  1. ( 1, 2, 3, 4)
26
Q

complex 1 oxidizes ___ and reduces ___

A

NADH and Coenzyme Q

27
Q

four H transported out per ___e-

A

2e-

28
Q

NADH ->___->FeS->UQ->FES->Q

A

FMN

29
Q

complex2 oxidizes ____ and reduce ____

A

succinate and coenzym Q

30
Q

Complex 2 is aka ___

A

succinate DH ( from TCA)

31
Q

how many subunit is in complex 2?

A

4 including 2FE-S proteins

3 types Fe-S cluster (4Fe-4S, 3Fe-4S, 2Fe-2S)

32
Q

succinate +UQ –> _____ +UQH2

A

Fumarate

33
Q

which complex proton transport does not occur?

A

2

34
Q

complex 3, cytochrome c _____

A

oxidoreductase

35
Q

problem with complex 3

A

two electrons are coming in from UQH2, but only one can go into cyt c

36
Q

solution with complex3

A

two step cycle, second electron goes into a stable semiquinone (stable free radical) via cyt b. second, make another cyt c, and completely reduce semiquinone to UQH2 again

37
Q

complex 4, transfer __ electron from cyt c to ___ to make H20

A

4 electron to Oxygen

38
Q

WHY is it called oxidative phosphorylation?

A

delivering e- to O2 is driving force

39
Q

case where enzymes are NOT clean – they are leaky and make accidental toxic side products, particularly superoxide

A

ROS

40
Q

Cyanide, azide and CO inhibit WHICH COMPLEX?

A

Complex IV, binding tightly to the ferric form (Fe3+) of a3

41
Q

Oligomycin and DCCD are what inhibitors?

A

ATP synthase inhibitors

42
Q

DNP ?

A

chemical uncoupler; lipid soluble; Diet drug ; caused some deaths

43
Q

Aspirin (High conc) ?

A

also uncouples and inc glycolysis to compensate leads to lactic acidosis

44
Q

‘uncoupler’ protein called _______, or ‘uncoupler protein-1’

A

THERMOGENIN in brown adipose tissue

45
Q

ATP movement out is favored because the cytosol is ___ relative to the ____matrix

A

+ cytosol
- matrix
ATP must be transported out of the mitochondria

46
Q

making and exporting 1 ATP =

A

4H+
every ATP transported out costs one H+
One ATP synthesis costs about 3 H+

47
Q

How Are the Electrons of Cytosolic NADH Fed into Electron Transport? (NADH can’t cross inner membrane)

A

“Shuttle systems” effect electron movement without actually carrying NADH
Malate-aspartate shuttle uses malate to carry electrons across the membrane

48
Q

____ATP per glucose if glycerol-3-P shuttle used

A

30

49
Q

____ATP per glucose if malate-Asp shuttle used

A

32

50
Q

what transfer e- from some substrate to O2 to make water or H2O2

A

Oxidases

51
Q

what incorporate O atoms into a substrate(monooxygenases/hydroxylases) or dioxygenases incorporate both O2 atoms into a substrates (eicosanoids)

A

Oxygenases

52
Q

Hypoxia –>

A

ischemia

–>Reperfusion injury:

CMBM test 2 (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions