e. Battle of Stirling Bridge (1297) Flashcards
Who led the Scottish revolt?
William Wallace and Andrew Moray
What was the primary military strategy of the English army?
Heavy cavalry and longbowmen
What type of formations did the Scottish forces use?
Pike formations
What advantage did the Scottish forces have over the English?
Advantage of terrain
What happened to the English cavalry during the battle?
Trapped and defeated when crossing the bridge
What was the outcome of the battle for the English?
Major English defeat
What position did Wallace achieve after the battle?
Guardian of Scotland
What did Edward have to prepare for after Wallace’s victory?
Another invasion to reclaim control
How did William Wallace and Andrew Murray gain an advantage over the English army?
They utilized the narrow wooden bridge to trap the English forces
The English army was larger, so clever tactics were necessary for the Scots to succeed.
What geographic feature played a crucial role in the Battle of Stirling Bridge?
The River Forth
The river separated the English and Scottish forces.
What tactic did Wallace and Murray employ when the English army began to cross the bridge?
They attacked the English forces before the rest could cross
This strategy prevented reinforcements from the English army.
What happened to the English soldiers after some crossed the bridge?
They became trapped at the bend of the river
The Scottish army prevented their escape.
What was the consequence of the narrowness of the bridge during the battle?
It limited the number of English knights that could cross at one time
Most of the English army had to wait to cross.
What occurred to Andrew Murray as a result of the battle?
He was badly injured and died soon after
His injury was a significant loss for the Scottish forces.
How did King Edward I react to the loss at the Battle of Stirling Bridge?
He took personal control of an English army to seek revenge
This led to a subsequent confrontation at the Battle of Falkirk.
Fill in the blank: The English army was trapped against the _______ during the Battle of Stirling Bridge.
bend of the river
True or False: The Scots had a larger army than the English at the Battle of Stirling Bridge.
False
The English army was far larger than the Scottish forces.
give 5 reasons why the battle of stirliing bridge was significant
- The Battle of Stirling Bridge (1297) was a major Scottish victory against the English during the Wars of Independence.
- Scottish leaders William Wallace and Andrew Moray used smart tactics to trap the English on a narrow bridge.
- The English army was much larger, but they were easily attacked as they crossed, leading to a huge defeat.
- The victory boosted Scottish morale and proved that England could be beaten.
- Wallace became a national hero and was later made Guardian of Scotland
