Duration, capacity and coding Flashcards
What are the characteristics of memory stores?
- duration
- coding
- capacity
Define memory.
- ability of the mind to retain learned information and knowledge of past events and experiences
What is the process of memory?
- coding
- storage
- retrieval
What does the multi-store model of memory include?
- sensory
- short-time
- long-term
How does information processing work?
- starts in sensory memory
- short-term memory
- long-term memory
What is a disadvantage of multi-store model of memory?
- not all information passes through all three stages (forgotten along the way)
- paying attention to information means it is more likely to stay
What are the differences of each store?
- each store retains different amounts, in different ways for different lengths of time
What is capacity?
- how much information this store can retain
What is coding?
- the form in which memory is retained
- both semantically or visually
What is duration?
- how long this store can retain information for
What is sensory duration containing (few seconds)?
- iconic (sight) 0.5 seconds
- echoic (hearing) 2-4 seconds
- haptic touch
What are the three types of coding?
visually = pictures
acoustic = sounds
semantic = meanings
How is sensory information formed?
-from an environmental form into a form which can be stored in memory
What is coding in short-term memory in a form?
- acoustic
What is coding in long-term memory in a form?
- semantic
What is a practical application of the memory stores?
- chunking method of digits used in the short-term memory is limited
- so is used for registration, post codes, and phone numbers
What is research support of the memory stores?
- three memory stores have different characteristics
- Peterson & Peterson duration of short
- Jacobs and Miller capacity of short
- Baddeley encoding of short and long
- Bahrick et al duration of long
What is an issue with research conducted into memory?
- not using typical everyday memory, values have no meaning or purpose
