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(OMS2) PCM III Midterm > DSA Skin Assessment > Flashcards

DSA Skin Assessment Flashcards

1
Q

What is acne vulgaris?

A

chronic inflammatory dz of pilo-sebaceous follicles (characterized by comedones, papules, pustules, nodules & scars)

usually on face, chest, back & shoulders beginning at puberty

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2
Q

Open v closed comedones

A

open (black head, dilated central opening filled w/ blackened keratin)

closed (white head)

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3
Q

What is atopic dermatitis?

A

chronic, relapsing, pruritic condition often assoc w/ allergic rhinitis or asthma

sxs of itching leading to excoriated skin lesions & lichenification

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4
Q

What is important to making diagnosis of atopic dermatitis?

A

PMH, allergies & FH

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5
Q

Acute v chronic eczema

A

acute: red, vesicles, bullae, crusting
chronic: lichenification, scaling, hyper & hypo pigmented

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6
Q

What is seborrheic dermatosis?

A

ranges from dandruff to fulminant rash

lesions are dry, itchy, red, greasy found on scalp, eyebrows, nasal & lip folds, eyelip margins

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7
Q

What is seborrheic keratosis?

A

warty scaly lesion w/ stuck on appearance, well circumscribed

usually tan to dark brown to black, more common in middle aged & elderly

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8
Q

What is dermatofibroma?

A

firm 0.5-2cm papules or nodules (round or ovoid w/ well defined border)

flesh, yellow to red or black in color

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9
Q

Where do you find dermatofibromas?

A

tend to be on extremities, especially legs

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10
Q

How do you confirm dermatofibromas?

A

squeeze the margin & lesion will dimple (dimple/Fitzpatrick sign)

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11
Q

What is rosacea?

A

chronic inflammatory condition w/ relapsing-remitting course (develops btwn ages 30-50)

facial flushing & localized redness, telangiectasias & papules/pustules on nose, cheeks, brow & chin

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12
Q

Where is rosaecea usually not seen?

A

on nasolabial folds, extrafacial involvement is rare

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13
Q

What is a sebaceous cyst?

A

cyst wall composed of squamous epithelium w/ macerated keratin & lipid-rich debris

common on face, trunk, extremities, mouth or genitals

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14
Q

What is a nevus (mole)?

A

pigmented lesion that usually arises in childhood

pigmented lesions less common after age 50

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15
Q

Junctional nevi v compound nevi

A

junctional are flat (macular) & compound are elevated relative to surrounding skin (papular)

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16
Q

What is erythema multiforme?

A

target lesions that are well-defined, circular, red macules or papules )<3cm)

will have 3 distinct color zones & central zone w/ crust

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17
Q

Distribution of erythema multiforme?

A

first appear in symmetrical distribution on acral sites & progress in centripetal fashion

18
Q

What is erythema multiforme associated with?

A

dz processes (HSV, mycoplasma pneumonia, group A strep & EBV)

triggered by drugs (penicillin)

19
Q

What is eruptive xanthoma?

A

dome shaped yellow-orange, firm papules that appear abruptly & all @ same stage of development

20
Q

What is dermatomyositis?

A

violaceous rash w/ systemic manifestations (fatigue, malaise, myalgies)

may also have proximal muscle weakness & dysphagia

21
Q

What is commonly involved if pt has dermatomyositis?

A

respiratory, CV (tachy or bradycardia, CHF)

40% of pts w/ malignany

22
Q

Heliotrope rash

A

violaceous edematous periorbital erythema, may be slightly scaly

23
Q

Atrophic dermal papules

A

red or violaceous, scaly, flat-topped papules on dorsal MCP joints

24
Q

Nail fold telangiectasia

A

erythema & telangectasias @ base of nails w/ prominent capillary loops

25
Q

Shawl sign

A

photoexacerbated macular or poikilodermatous erythema of upper back & posterior neck/shoulders

26
Q

What is actinic keratosis/solar keratosis?

A

pre-cancerous lesion found on sun exposed areas

may progress to SCC w/o treatment

increase in frequency w/ increasing age

27
Q

Describe actinic keratosis

A

begin as rough localized lesion that develop white-to-yellow surface scale, has gritty feel & base may have light, mild-brown pigment

28
Q

What is solar lentigo?

A

age spot, assoc w/ multiple sunburns in fair-skin idividuals

benign tan to brown (hyperpigmented) pigmented macule related to UV radiation

29
Q

What are malignant lesions?

A 
BCC
Infiltrating BCC
Superficial BCC
Melanoma
Cutaneous squamous cell ca
30
Q

What is the most common cancer of the skin?

A

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC)

31
Q

BCC

A

more common in Ms, smooth pearly papule or nodule w/ rolled borders & orverlying telangiectasia,

nodular lesion on sun exposed area (85% on head & neck)

most commonly involves nose

32
Q

Infiltrating BCC

A

may present as slightly raised or depressed, indurated, thin, pink to white scar-like plaque w/ possible scale, crust, erosion overlying telangiectasias

33
Q

Superficial BCC

A

well defined red patch or thin plaque w/ rolled borders

expands HORIZONTALLY over time & undergoes many superficial changes (atrophy, hypopigmentation)

34
Q

Melanoma

A

age: median ddx in 60s
location: any skin w/ melanocytes

most melanomas are pigmented & can be flat, nodular lesions on palms, soles or nails

35
Q

ABCDEs of melanoma

A 
Assymmetry
Borders (irregular?)
Change in color
Diameter >6mm
Evolution
36
Q

Cutaneous squamous cell cancer

A

present as variable hyperkeratotic papule or nodules that may be smooth, plaque-like, exophytic, warty w/ variable color

avg onset is mid-60s, on any surface skin (including mucosa) but usually on sun-exposed areas

37
Q

What does presence of actinic keratosis predispose to?

A

AK indicates an individual is @ higher risk of developing sCC, 80x more likely in fair-lighter skin types

38
Q

Flat lesions (macule v patch)

A

you cannot palpate lesion w/ eyes closed

macule is flat & <1cm while patch is flat & >1cm

39
Q

Raised lesions

A

you can palpate lesion w/ eyes closed

40
Q

What are the non-fluid filled raised lesions?

A

papule is <1cm
nodule is solid >1cm
plaque is flat & elevated lesion >1cm

41
Q

What are the fluid-filled raised lesions?

A

vesicle (raised & <1cm)
pustule (raised, pus-filled lesions <1cm)
bulla (raised, >1cm, fluid filled)

42
Q

What is distinctive about erythema lesions?

A

if you press down on them, they will NOT blanch

(OMS2) PCM III Midterm (7 decks)

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