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Endorepro Midterm > DSA: Intro to Endocrinology > Flashcards

DSA: Intro to Endocrinology Flashcards

1
Q

What hormones are secreted from the Anterior Pituitary?

A

TSH, FSH, LH, ACTH, MSH, Growth Hormone, Prolactin

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2
Q

What hormones are secreted from the hypothalamus?

A

TRH, CRH, GHRH, GnRH, Somatostatin, Dopamine

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3
Q

Estradiol

A

Ovaries, Placenta, Corpus Luteum

steroid

stimulates growth + development of female reproductive system, breasts, maintains preganancy

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4
Q

Cortisol (glucocorticoid)

A

Adrenal cortex

Steroid

Stimulates gluconeogenesis, inhibits inflammatory response, suppresses immune response, enhances vascular responsiveness to catecholamines

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5
Q

T3 + T4

A

Thyroid

Amine

Stimulates skeletal growth, oxygen consumption, heat production, protein, fat, and carbohydrate utilization, perinatal maturation of the central nervous system

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6
Q

What hormones are secreted from the posterior pituitary?

A

ADH + Oxytocin

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7
Q

Glucagon (alpha cells)

A

Pancreas

peptide

increases blood glucose

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8
Q

Growth hormone - releasing hormone (GHRH)

A

Hypothalmus

Peptide

Stimulates secretion of growth hormone

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9
Q

What hormones are secreted from the parathyroid?

A

PTH

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10
Q

Somatostatin or somatotropin release- inhibiting hormone (SRIF)

A

Hypothalmus

Peptide

Inhibits secretion of growth hormone

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11
Q

What hormones use the guanylate cyclase mechanism (cGMP)?

A

ANP + NO

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12
Q

Norepinephrine, epinephrine (catecholamines)

A

Adrenal Medulla

Amine

Actions for sympathetic nervous system

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13
Q

DHEA

A

Adrenal Cortex

Steroid

testosterone actions

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14
Q

Steroid Hormone Mechanism

A
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15
Q

Insulin (B cells)

A

Pancreas

Peptide

Decrases blood glucose

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16
Q

Phospholipase C Mechanism

(also what special receptor is found here?)

A

GHRH –> G protein coupled receptor that stimulates cAMP production

Hormones = GnRH, TRH, Angiotensisn II, Oxytocin, ADH

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17
Q

Prolactin

A

Anterior Pituitary

Peptide

Stimulates milk production and secretion in breast

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18
Q

What hormones are secreted from the corpus luteum?

A

Estradiol + Progesterone

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19
Q

Thyrotropin releasing hormone

A

Hypothalamus

peptide

Stimulates secretion of TSH + prolactin

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20
Q

Dopamine or prolactin inhibiting factor (PIF)

A

Hypothalmus

Amine

Inhibits secretion of prolactin

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21
Q

What hormones are secreted from the thyroid?

A

T3, T4, Calcitonin

22
Q

Testosterone

A

Testes

Steroid

Stimulates spermatogenesis, stimulates male secondary sex characteristics

23
Q

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A

Anterior Pituitary

Peptide

Stimulates synthesis and secretion of adrenal cortical hormones (cortisol, androgens, and aldosterone)

24
Q

What hormones are secreted from the pancreas?

A

Insulin + Glucagon

25
Q

Corticotropin releasing hormone(CRH)

A

Hypothalamus

Peptide

Stimulates secretion of ACTH

26
Q

Aldosterone

A

Adrenal cortex

steroid

increases renal Na+ reabsorption and H+ & K+ secretion

27
Q

Progesterone

A

Ovaries, Placenta, Corpus Luteum

Steroid

Stimulates menstrual cycle, maintains pregnancy

28
Q

What regulates the hypothalmus (1st tier of the endocrine axis)?

A

SCN (circadian rhythm) + Pineal Gland (melatonin release)

29
Q

What hormones are secreted from the kidney?

A

Renin + 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol

30
Q

Vasopressin or antiduretic hormone (ADH)

A

Stimulates water reabsorption in principal cells of collecting ducts and constriction of arterioles

31
Q

Calcitonin

A

Thyroid

Peptide

Decreases serum Calcium

32
Q

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

A

Anterior Pituitary

Peptide

Stimulates testoterone synthesis + ovulation (estrogen + progestrone synthesis in ovaries

33
Q

Growth hormone

A

Anterior Pituitary

Peptide

Stimulates protein synthesis + overall growth

34
Q

What hormones use the tyrosine kinase mecahnism?

A

Insulin, IGF-1, Growth hormone, prolactin

35
Q

Renin

A

Kidney

Peptide

Catalyzes conversion of angiotensin to angiotensin 1

36
Q

What hormones are secreted from the adrenal cortex?

A

Cortisol, Aldosterone, Adrenal androgens

37
Q

Melanocyte stimulating hormone (MSH)

A

Anterior Pituitary

Peptide

Stimulates melanin synthesis

38
Q

What hormones are secreted from the adrenal medulla?

A

Norephinephrine + Epinephrine (fight or flight)

39
Q

Human chorionic ganadotropin (HCG)

A

Placenta

Peptide

Stimulates estrogen + progesterone synthesis in corpus luteum of early pregnancy

40
Q

Parathyroid hormone (PTH)

A

Parathyroid

Peptide

Increases serum calcium

41
Q

What hormones are secreted from the placenta?

A

hCG, Estradiol, Progesterone, hPL

42
Q

Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)

A

Hypothalmus

Peptide

Stimulates secretion of LH + FSH

43
Q

1, 25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol

A

Kidney

Steroid

Increases intestinal absorption of calcium, bone mineralization

44
Q

Human placental lactogen (hPL)

A

Placenta

Peptide

Has growth like hormone and prolactin like actions during pregnancy

45
Q

Oxytocin

A

Posterior Pituitary

Peptide

Stimulates milk ejection from breasts + uterine contraction

46
Q

Thryoid stimulating hormone (TSH)

A

Anterior Pituitary

Peptide

Stimulates synthesis + secretion of thyroid hormones

47
Q

What hormones are secreted from the ovaries?

A

Estradiol + Progesterone

48
Q

What hormones are secreted from the testes?

A

Testosterone

49
Q

Adenylyl Cyclase Mechanism

A

Hormones used = ACTH, LH, FSH, Glucagon

50
Q

What are the 3 major endocrine axis’s?

A

HPA (Hypothalmus, pituitary, adrenal)
HPT (hypothalmus, pituitary, thyroid)
HPG (hypothalamus, pituitary, gonads)

51
Q

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)

A

Anterior Pituitary

Peptide

Stimulates sperm maturation + follicular development in ovaries

Endorepro Midterm (11 decks)

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