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Year 1: 09. CPR Exam 2 > DSA 1: Lung Volumes and Capacity > Flashcards

DSA 1: Lung Volumes and Capacity Flashcards

1
Q

What is tidal volume?

A

Amount of air inspired or expired in a single breath

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2
Q

What is normal tidal volume?

A

500 mL

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3
Q

What is residual volume?

A

Volume of air that cannot be forced out, no matter how hard one tries

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4
Q

What is inspiratory reserve volume?

A

Additional volume that can be inhaled greater than tidal volume

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5
Q

What is the gap between inspiration during tidal volume and maximal inspiration?

A

Inspiratory reserve volume

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6
Q

What is expiratory reserve volume?

A

Additional volume that can be exhaled greater than tidal volume

  • does not include residual volume
  • activation of expiratory muscles
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7
Q

What is total lung capacity?

A

Maximal volume to which lungs can be expanded with greatest effort?

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8
Q

How do you calculate total lung capacity?

A 
TLC = Inspiratory Capacity + Functional Residual Capacity
TLC = Vital Capacity + Residual Volume
TLC = Inspiratory Residual Volume + Expiratory Residual Volume + Residual Volume + Tidal Volume
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9
Q

What is functional residual capacity?

A

Amount of air that remains in lungs following a normal expiration

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10
Q

How do you calculate functional residual capacity?

A

FRC = Expiratory Residual Volume + Residual Volume

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11
Q

What is vital capacity?

A

Amount of air that can be maximally inspired following a maximal expiration

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12
Q

How do you calculate vital capacity?

A

VC = Inspiratory Residual Volume + Tidal Volume + Expiratory Residual Volume

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13
Q

What is inspiratory capacity?

A

Capacity of air that can be maximally inspired following a normal exhale

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14
Q

How do you calculate inspiratory capacity?

A

IC = Tidal Volume + Inspiratory Residual Volume

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15
Q

When supine, there is a reduced _____.

A

Functional residual capacity

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16
Q

What are some ways to measure residual volumes?

A

1) Helium Dilution: Inhale known quantity of helium. The change in concentration allows determination of FRC.
2) Body Plethysmograph: Check changes in pressure between box and lungs
3) Nitrogen-Washout Technique: Breath in 100% oxygen and expired gas is collected until nitrogen measures 0. Using math, FRC is determined.

17
Q

How does lung volume change with age?

A

Increases:

  • Functional residual capacity (FRC)
  • Residual volume (RV)
  • Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)
18
Q

How can obesity affect lung volume?

A

Except with tidal volume, reduction in all static lung volumes, especially expiratory reserve volume and functional residual capacity (FRC)

19
Q

What muscles are involved with inspiration?

A

External Intercostal Muscles

20
Q

What muscles are involved with expiration?

A

Internal Intercostal Muscles

Year 1: 09. CPR Exam 2 (24 decks)

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