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History > Ds2- Why Was Hitler Able To Dominate Germany By 1934? > Flashcards

Ds2- Why Was Hitler Able To Dominate Germany By 1934? Flashcards

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1
Q

Jul 1919

A

Appointed intelligence agent of Reichswehr (Army and navy) with the role to infiltrate DAP

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2
Q

Sep 1919

A

Approved of the leader- Drexler

  • joined
  • put in charge of public speaking
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3
Q

1920

A
  • helped to write 25 point program

- designed party banner

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4
Q

Mar 1920

A
  • discharged from army

- worked for NSDAP full time

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5
Q

Apr 1920

A

-renamed to NAZI- nationist socialist german workers party

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6
Q

1921

A
  • Hitler gained support from his newspaper
  • replaced drexler as leader
  • insisted on the hq in munich
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7
Q

Changes the in society the nazi party wanted in 1920s

A
  • only ‘true’ germans in germany- aryan race
  • jews excluded
  • oaps provided for generously
  • gifted children educated at the states expense
  • communism destroyed
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8
Q

How did hitler gain control of the nazi party

A

Jul 1919-1921 flashcards

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9
Q

SA

A
  • paramilitary organisation (storm trooper
  • formed by hitler 1921
  • mainly ex- soldiers from freikorps
  • headed by ernst rohm
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10
Q

Jugenbund

A

1920s

-early hitler youth for 14-18y

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11
Q

What did the sa do

A
  • disrupted meetings of communists and opponents-often beat up opposition supporters
  • gave hitler protection at meetings
  • Early 1920s-removed hecklers from nazi party
  • used in night of the long knives
  • attacked jews- kristallnacht
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12
Q

Munich putch events

A

8 nov- sa and hitler invaded von kahr (head of bavarian gov) meeting and announced taking over bavarian gov
-supported by ludendorff
-von kahr forced by gunpoint into locked room overnight - but escaped and told police
9th nov- hitler , ludendorff, 3000s nazis marched in munich
-hoped to gain support from public
-police opened fire
-16 marchers kiled
-hitler escaped in car

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13
Q

Munich putch result for hitler

A
  • arrested and charged with treason
  • charged 5y in prison- only served 9 months-lansburg castle
  • wrote mein kamph in prison
  • gained publicity from trial-newspaper coverage
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14
Q

Why did the munich putsch fail

A
  • overestimated level of support he would recieve
  • von kar calledarmed police
  • germn people didnt rise up
  • army remained loyal to weimar gov-ludendorff didn’t succeed
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15
Q

How did the munich putch fail

A
  • 16 sa failed
  • hitler arrested- high treason
  • nazi party banned
  • hitler prevented from speaking in public until 1927
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16
Q

Importance of munich putch

A
  • gained publicity
    • trail spread nationalist views,
    • hitler powerful pubilc speaker
    • wrote mein kamph in prison -changed tactics to legality
  • judge lenient
    • only served 9 months
    • authority sympathetic to histler and what he tried to do
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17
Q

By 1928-nazis during stresemann era

A
  • 100,000 members
  • organised recruitment
  • set up local nazi party
  • youth organisations- hitler youth and nazi students league
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18
Q

1925- nazis during stresemann era

A
  • persuaded authority to lift ban on nazi party
  • enlarged sa - esp with unemployment ex-servicement
  • set up SS
  • joseph geobbels propaganda
  • put candidates for reichstag elections
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19
Q

1926- nazis during stresemann era

A
  • established
    • nazi students league
    • teachers league
    • women’s league
  • weimar nazi party rally
  • party conference- persuade members to readopt 25 point program
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20
Q

1927- nazis during stresemann era

A
  • branches set up all over germany
  • each regional organisation under control of party official
  • 34 districts
21
Q

Aims and beliefs of the nazi party in 1920s

A
  • amti-semitism
  • abolish tob
  • anschluss
  • aryan race
  • strong central gov
  • points in 25 point program
22
Q

Role of geobbels to 1934

A
  • editor nazi newspaper
  • 25 point program
  • 1927- campaigns
    • all germans work
    • all german soldiers and workers should have homes
    • support german farmers- land, stable prices, reduction of agricultural imports
23
Q

Who voted for the nazis 1924-29

A
  • peasant farmers- esp in n germany, promises to help agriculture, peasants racially pure
  • shopkeepers and small businessmen- hyperinflation
  • conservatives of the middle class in towns- moral decline in weimar culture
24
Q

1928 election

A

12 seats 2-3% seats

25
Q

Who didnt support the nazis

A

Workers- supported communists

26
Q

1932 presidential election

A

Hitler (13.4 mill) vs hindenberg (18.4 mill)

-publicity for nazi ideas

27
Q

Jul 1932 seats

A

Nazis 230 seats

-most seats in reichstag

28
Q

Nov 1932

A
  • 192 seats
29
Q

Hitler made chancellor

A

Jan 1933

  • hindenberg wanted von papen- who had no support in reichstag so needed hitler who was supported by reichstag to be chancellor
  • von papen made vice
30
Q

1930 election

A

-nazis 107 seats

31
Q

Link with unemployment and seats

A

1929-32
2-6 mill unemployed
12-280 seats

32
Q

Reichstag fire

A

27 feb 1933

  • reichstag building set on fire
  • inside found van de lubbe dutch communist- arrested for arson
  • that night - 4,000 communist leaders arrested by police- threat
  • hitler convinced hindenberg to pass article 48- suspended personal liberties and freedom of speech
  • anti communist measures made- blamed events on communists, middle class superiority
    • banned meetings and leaders
    • couldnt vote on enabling act
  • 81 communists lost their seat
33
Q

Enabling act

A

Mar 1933

  • used SA and SS to intimidate reichstag into passing the act
  • only spd/ socialists opposed
  • communists banned, catholic centre party supported hitler (concordant signed in july)
  • able to pass laws to further his position without reichstag vote- eg banning trade unions
  • never had a majority in reichstag- need a 2/3 to change constitution
  • could sign agreements with other countries
  • remove parliamentry democracy- reichstag voted themselves out
34
Q

Night of the long knives

A

30 june- july 1934

  • 30 june- rohm removed and arrested
  • von kahr and von scliecher killed
  • sa absorbed into ss
  • 200-400 killed including opposition
35
Q

Why was rohm removed

A
  • homosexual- against nazis policys
  • left wing views- oppose businesses that funded nazis
  • wanted socialist policies -industrialists thought looked like communists
    • couldnt afford to loose industrialkeaders eg. Farben -provided weapons for armed forces

-wanted to merge sa into army- loose army support

36
Q

Why was von kahr and von schliecher killed

A
  • possible rivals
  • von kahr- opposed munich putch
  • von schliecher- chancellor
37
Q

Death of hindenburg

A

1934

  • became fuhrer- both chancellor and president
  • army pledge of loyalty
  • began rearmament
  • bought back conscription
  • made plans for an expansionist foreign policy
38
Q

Nazi revolution

A

1933-34

39
Q

trade unions banned

A
  • May 1933
  • banned-had power- stopped kapp putsch
  • all workers to join the german labour front
40
Q

Removal of jews and opposition

A

Apr 1933

-civil service, courts and education

41
Q

Political parties banned

A

Jul 1933

-germany one party state

42
Q

State gov absorbed into central gov

A

Jan 1934

-opponents taken to concentration camps run by ss

43
Q

SA during the night of the long knives - why removed

A
  • demanding left wing ideals- would alienate groups hitler depended on eg. Middle class, businessmen and industrialists
  • headed by rohm
  • 2 mill members
  • wanted to take over much smaller army
44
Q

Companies that supported the nazis

A

Krupp- steel, artilleraryy, ammunition, armaments; farben made poisen gas

45
Q

Gestapo size

A

32,000 men at end 1944

46
Q

How many communists were arrested in total 1933

A

600,000 people

47
Q

Unemployment rate 1939

A

0.5 mill

48
Q

Autarky methods

A
  • coffee from acorns
  • iron poorer quality and more expensive
  • makeup from flour
  • imports 1/3 raw materials

History (9 decks)

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