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SEM 3 Drugs > Drugs used for treatment of GI motility disorders > Flashcards

Drugs used for treatment of GI motility disorders Flashcards

1
Q

Domperidone

A

ANTIMIMETIC
MOA: blocks D2 receptors in chemoreceptor trigger zone
- loss of myenteric motor neuron inhibition –> Ach release

stimulates gut motor function
-increase esophageal peristalsis
-increase lower esophageal sphincter pressure
-enhance gastric emptying

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2
Q

Metoclopramide

A

ANTIMIMETIC
MOA: blocks D2 receptors in chemoreceptor trigger zone
- loss of myenteric motor neuron inhibition –> Ach release

stimulates gut motor function
-increase esophageal peristalsis
-increase lower esophageal sphincter pressure
-enhance gastric emptying

has more adverse effects than domperidone

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3
Q

Ondansetron

A

ANTIMIMETIC
MOA: blocks 5HT3 receptors in
- vomiting centre
- extrinsic intestinal vagal and spinal afferent nerves

Drug of choice for chemotherapy (prevents emesis)

Dexamethasone (corticosteroid)
- increases efficacy of 5HT3 antagonists

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4
Q

Aprepitant

A

ANTIMIMETIC
MOA: block neurokinin receptors in area postrema

used for chemotherapy emesis (in combo with 5HT3 antagonists and corticosteroids)

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5
Q

Scopolamine

A

ANTIMIMETIC
treats motion sickness
- anticholinergic

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6
Q

Cyclizine

A

ANTIMIMETIC
- antihistamine
treats motion sickness in pregnancy

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7
Q

Betanachol

A

ANTIMIMETIC
MOA: stimulates M3 receptors
-increases gastric secretion

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8
Q

Neostigmine

A

ANTIMIMETIC
MOA: binds to acetylcholinesterase, increases Ach
- increases gastric secretion, small intestine and colonic emptying

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9
Q

Cisapride

A

ANTIMIMETIC
MOA: 5HT4 agonist
- promotes release of Ach from myenteric plexus
5HT3 antagonist

Treats GERD

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10
Q

Tegaserod

A

ANTIMIMETIC
MOA: partial 5HT4 agonist

treats constipation predominant in IBS

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11
Q

Bran

A

CONSTIPATION DRUG
BULK FORMING LAXATIVE
MOA: soluble fibres increase water absorption in lumen
- increases fecal mass (stretches bowel wall) –> stimulates peristalsis

treats constipation

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12
Q

Psyllium

A

CONSTIPATION DRUG
BULK FORMING LAXATIVE
MOA: soluble fibres increase water absorption in lumen
- increases fecal mass (stretches bowel wall) –> stimulates peristalsis

treats constipation

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13
Q

Ispaghula

A

CONSTIPATION DRUG
BULK FORMING LAXATIVE
MOA: soluble fibres increase water absorption in lumen
- increases fecal mass (stretches bowel wall) –> stimulates peristalsis

treats constipation

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14
Q

Docusates

A

CONSTIPATION DRUG
STOOL SOFTENERS
MOA: anionic surfactants, decreases stool tension
- emulsifies colonic contents, increases penetration of water in feces

Treats constipation

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15
Q

Liquid Paraffin

A

CONSTIPATION DRUG
STOOL SOFTENERS
MOA: anionic surfactants, decreases stool tension
- emulsifies colonic contents, increases penetration of water in feces

Treats constipation

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16
Q

Bisacodyl

A

CONSTIPATION DRUG
STIMULANT LAXATIVES
MOA: water and electrolyte retention in lumen
- alters absorptive and secretory activity of mucosal cells, irritates intestinal mucosa (stimulates motor activity) –> acts on myenteric plexus

treats constipation

17
Q

Senna

A

CONSTIPATION DRUG
STIMULANT LAXATIVES
MOA: water and electrolyte retention in lumen
- alters absorptive and secretory activity of mucosal cells, irritates intestinal mucosa (stimulates motor activity) –> acts on myenteric plexus

treats constipation

18
Q

Castor oil

A

CONSTIPATION DRUG
STIMULANT LAXATIVES
MOA: water and electrolyte retention in lumen
- alters absorptive and secretory activity of mucosal cells, irritates intestinal mucosa (stimulates motor activity) –> acts on myenteric plexus

treats constipation

19
Q

Magnesium salts

A

CONSTIPATION DRUG
OSMOTIC LAXATIVES
MOA: on small and large intestines
- increases osmotic pressure, draws water into lumen
- retention of water causes peristalsis
- releases CCK, increasing intestinal secretions and peristalsis

20
Q

SODIUM SALTS

A

CONSTIPATION DRUG
OSMOTIC LAXATIVES
MOA: on small and large intestines
- increase osmotic pressure, draw water into lumen, which causes peristalsis

21
Q

Lactulose

A

CONSTIPATION DRUG
OSMOTIC LAXATIVES
MOA: retains water

drug is not absorbed or digested in small intestine (increases osmotic pressure)
- is broken down in colon by bacteria

22
Q

Loperamide

A

DIARRHEA DRUG
OPIOID
MOA: activates presynaptic opioid receptors in enteric nervous system
- inhibits Ach release
- decreases peristalsis
- enhances absorption

Does not cross BBB

used in non-infective diarrhea, mild travelers diarrhea

NOT used in infective diarrhea, young children, severe colitis patients

23
Q

Dicyclomine

A

DIARRHEA DRUG
ANTIMUSCARINIC, ANTISPASMODIC

MOA: relaxation of smooth muscle of GIT
- reduces spasm, relieves pain

24
Q

Zinc

A

reduces fluid secretion in intestine
strengthens immune response
aids in regeneration of intestinal epithelium

25
Q

ORS( Oral Rehydration Salt)

A

contains Na and KCl, trisodium citrate, glucose in water
- maintains hydration
- restores electrolyte balance

does not stop diarrhea

SEM 3 Drugs (9 decks)

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