Drugs in Type 2 Diabetes Flashcards
What is the mechanism of action of alpha glucosidase inhibitors?
Block enzymes that digest and promote the uptake of starches in the small intestine
Generally, what do incretins do?
Warn the pancreas that a heavy glucose load is in coming
What are the effects of metformin?
Increase response to insulin in peripheral tissues
Reduce hepatic glucose production
Decrease carbohydrate absorption in the gut
Reduce LDL cholesterol levels and triglycerides
What is the effect of Sulfonylureas and what is their mechanism of action?
Increase insulin secretion by beta cells
Inhibit Katp channels > depolarization > Ca influx > insulin released
How is exenatide administered?
Subcutaneous injection
Does metformin cause weight loss or weight gain generally?
Loss
What is the name of a DDP-4 inhibitor?
Sitagliptin
What are some side effects of Sitagliptin?
Upper resp. tract infections
Headaches
Pancreatitis
What are the side effects of metformin?
GI disturbances
Weight loss
What is the most common biguanides?
Metformin
What are the adverse effect of sulfonylureas?
Hypoglycaemia
Weight gain
What are the actions of exenatide?
Increase insulin production
Suppress glucagon release
Delay gastric emptying
Suppress appetite
What is the mechanism of action of metformin?
Activation of AMP kinase
What is the name of a GLP-1 agonist?
Exenatide
What are the side effects of alpha glucosidase inhibitors?
Flatulence
Bloating
Loose stools
Abdo pain
