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PHARMACO PART 2 > Drugs for UTI > Flashcards

Drugs for UTI Flashcards

1
Q

Empirical antibiotics are usually ________

A

broad-spectrum

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2
Q

Antibiotics given for females 1st time having UTI

A
  • Amoxycillin/clavulanate (augmentin)

- Cotrimoxazole (Trimethoprim/ Sulfamethoxazole)

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3
Q

Amoxycillin/clavulanate (augmentin) MOA

A

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis (inhibit transpeptidation)

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4
Q

Amoxycillin/clavulanate (augmentin) adverse effects

A

Well tolerated; rash & diarrhoea most common

Sever hypersensitivity (rare) but not fatal

Thrombophlebitis

Steven-Johnsons Syndrome (SJS)

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5
Q

Ciprofloxacin MOA

  • inhibit the activity of __________
  • at higher concentrations– they inhibit __________
A

DNA synthesis inhibtion

  • inhibit the activity of DNA gyrase
  • at higher concentrations– they inhibit topoisomerase IV
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6
Q

Antibiotic given for females recurrent UTI

A

Nitrofurantoin

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7
Q

Nitrofurantoin MOA

A

DNA synthesis inhibition via oxidative stress

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8
Q

Nitrofurantoin contraindications

A

Elderly and pregnancy

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9
Q

Nitrofurantoin side effects

A
  • brown urine
  • chronic use: pulmonary interstitial fibrosis
  • blood dyscrasias
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10
Q

Trimethoprim-sulfonamide (TMP-SMZ) MOA

A

Inhibit folate synthesis

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11
Q

Trimethoprim-sulfonamide (TMP-SMZ) adverse effects

A 
Hypersensitivity/allergic reactions (due to products of sulfa)
Phototoxicity 
False ↑ in creatinine 
Nephrotoxicity
Crystalluria
Hyperkalemia
Bone marrow suppression
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12
Q

Is fosfomycin safe for pregnancy?

A

YESSSS

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13
Q

Fosfomycin MOA

A

Inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis (inhibit transglycosylation)

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14
Q

Are oxapenems useful on its own??

A

Nope

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15
Q

PABA pathway is essential for production of _____ & __________

A

purines & nucleic acid synthesis

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16
Q

Trimethoprim (TMP) inhibits which enzyme?

A

dihydrofolate reductase

17
Q

A formulation like trimethoprim+sulfonamide (TMP-SMZ aka Bactrim) has a _______activity

A

synergistic

18
Q

Trimethoprim-sulfonamide (TMP-SMZ) contraindication

A

Contraindicated in allergy to sulfa/ G6PD

19
Q

Sulfonamides inhibit dihydrioteriate synthase (SMZ) and ____ production

A

folate

20
Q

Ceftriaxone MOA

A

Inhibit transpeptidation (build vertically)→ prevent bacteria cell wall synthesis

21
Q

Ceftriaxone side effects

A 
Well tolerated
Rash, diarrhoea most common
Thrombophlebitis
Severe hypersensitivity 
Swelling of face, difficult breathing:  can develop into Steven Johnson syndrome 
Anaphylaxis

PHARMACO PART 2 (10 decks)

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