Drugs for Heart Failure

Question 1

Type of failure where the weakened heart muscle can’t squeeze as well and less blood is pumped out of ventricles

Answer 1

Systolic heart failure

Question 2

Type of heart failure where the heart muscle is stiff/can’t relax and less blood fills the ventricles

Answer 2

Diastolic heart failure

Question 3

Heart Failure class I

Answer 3

mild-no limitation of activity

Question 4

Heart failure Class II

Answer 4

mild-slight limitation, ordinary physical activity results in fatigue, palpitation, or dyspnoea

Question 5

Heart Failure Class III

Answer 5

Moderate-Marked limitation, less than ordinary activity causes fatigue, palpitation.dyspnoae

Question 6

Class IV heart failure

Answer 6

Severe-unable to do any physical activity without discomfort, uncomfortable at rest.

Question 7

Depolarization of the cardiac myocyte leads to operning of the

Answer 7

voltage gated Ca++ channels

Question 8

Ca influx activates___?

Answer 8

Ryanodine receptors

Question 9

____ drugs alter the force or energy of muscular contractions.

Answer 9

Inotropic

Question 10

Negative inotropes ____ the force

Answer 10

weaken

Question 11

Postive Inotropes ____ the force

Answer 11

Increase

Question 12

_____ drugs may change the heart rate by affecting the nerves controlling the heart or by changing the rhythm produced by the sinoatrial node.

Answer 12

Chronotropic

Question 13

____ chronotropes increase heart rate

Answer 13

Positive

Question 14

____ chronotropes decrease heart rate

Answer 14

Negative

Question 15

Cardiac Glycosides (digoxin), B adrenergic receptor agonists, bipyridines are all examples of

Answer 15

Positive Inotropic drugs

Question 16

B adrenergic receptor blockers, diuretics, angiotensin converting enzymes inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, aldosterone receptor antagonists, vasoldilators are all ____

Answer 16

Drugs with positive inotropic effects used to treat heart failure

Question 17

Mechanism of action for Digoxin

Answer 17

Blocks Na+/K+ ATTPase- internal sodium increases which slows the Na/Ca exchanger, slowing removal of Ca.

Question 18

Domutamine is a

Answer 18

B1-adrenergic receptor agonist

Question 19

T/F All B blockers are effective for B-adrenergic receptor antagonists to treat heart failure

Answer 19

False-Bucindolol is not effective

Question 20

Thiazide is a

Answer 20

diuretic

Question 21

91% of patients with heart disease also have

Answer 21

periodontitis

Question 22

angina is caused from

Answer 22

the heart not receiving enough oxygen from the blood

Question 23

Nitrates/nitrites, B-adrenergic receptor blockers, Ca channel blockers, aspirin, antiplatelet, and anticoagulant drugs, ranolazine are all drugs used to treat ____

Answer 23

angina

Question 24

All organic nitrates/nitrites are prodrugs that spontaneously produce

Answer 24

Nitric oxide

Question 25

Nitric oxide ultimately activates ____

Answer 25

Protein Kinase G

Question 26

Protein Kinase G activation leads to

Answer 26

smooth muscle relaxation

Question 27

adverse effects of nitrates/nitrites

Answer 27

Headache, hypotention, facial flushing and tachycardia

Question 28

Beta blockers cause

Answer 28

Decreased HR, O2 demand, contractility

Question 29

Ca channel blockers cause

Answer 29

Decreased HR, O2 demand, contractility,

Question 30

Nitrates, Ca blockers, Beta blockers are all used to treat

Answer 30

Angina

Question 31

Nitrates and Ca blockers are

Answer 31

Vasodilators

Question 32

Ca blockers and Beta blockers are

Answer 32

Cardiac depressants